Gram-negative bacteria produce outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) and contain bacterial cargo including nucleic acids and proteins. The proteome of OMVs can be altered by various factors including bacterial growth stage, growth conditions, and environmental factors. However, it is currently unknown if the mechanism of OMV biogenesis can determine their proteome. In this study, we examined whether t...

While suicidal thoughts are relatively common in the general population, roughly affecting one in ten people during their lifetime, the transition from suicidal thoughts to a suicide attempt is rarer. There is limited consensus on the transition rate from suicidal ideation to suicide attempts.To review and summarize evidence on the rate of transition from suicidal ideation to a suicide attempt,...

The aim of this work was to investigate the risk of developing chronic kidney disease (CKD) or end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) following a pregnancy complicated by gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) or pre-existing diabetes among Aboriginal women in the Northern Territory (NT), Australia.We undertook a longitudinal study of linked healthcare datasets. All Aboriginal women who gave birth betwee...

We investigated the association of fasting triglycerides with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality.This cohort study included US adults from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 1988 to 2014. CVD mortality outcomes were ascertained by linkage to the National Death Index records. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence ...

Acute thrombosis is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Pharmacological thrombolysis relies on plasminogen activators (PAs), which are associated with major side effects including potentially fatal bleeding. Alternative therapeutic options that do not rely on PAs are urgently required. Here, the efficacy of targeted photothermal therapy is evaluated for thrombolysis using lip...

Abstract e17009 Background: Decreased circulating levels of ether lipids (glycerophospholipids with an ether-linked fatty alcohol, e.g. plasmalogens) have been observed in obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. In vitro and in vivo studies suggest that ether lipids are anti-inflammatory and protective against obesity. A recent landmark study revealed that ether lipids can kill cancer cel...

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) is increasingly employed in a variety of clinical settings due to the growing evidence of increased efficacy compared with moderate-intensity exercise for a range of health and physical function and exercise outcomes. In this brief review, we highlight the recent findings from randomized trials, discuss the evidence and rationale for the greater physiolog...

Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing (CPX) is essential for the assessment of exercise capacity for patients with Chronic Heart Failure (CHF). Respiratory gas and hemodynamic parameters such as Ventilatory Efficiency (VE/VCO₂ slope), peak oxygen uptake (peak VO₂), and heart rate recovery are established diagnostic and prognostic markers for clinical populations. Previous studi...

Fatty acids are the building blocks of the entire human milk lipidome; yet, despite years of research, there is little understanding of their importance in early life health and disease. This may be partly due to the way in measurements have been made of fatty acids in the past. Monthly longitudinal human milk samples were collected from eighteen Western Australian mother–infant dyads, during s...

Optimal growth and development in childhood and adolescence is crucial for lifelong health and well-being^1-6. Here we used data from 2,325 population-based studies, with measurements of height and weight from 71 million participants, to report the height and body-mass index (BMI) of children and adolescents aged 5-19 years on the basis of rural and urban place of residence in 200 cou...

To describe a usual case of adult-onset T1DM with prolonged honeymoon period for more than 5 years. Repeated mixed meal stimulation tests for a period of 6-12 months together with monitoring pancreatic autoantibodies and laboratory data were followed following the onset of diagnosis. We report a 24-year-old Thai patient with T1DM with sustained remission without antidiabetic medication for more...

Within-visit SBP variability is associated with age and SBP, but its long-term clinical significance is unknown. We examined the association between child, adult, and life-time within-visit SBP variability with markers of end-organ damage using data from a 31-year longitudinal study. Within-visit SBP variability was calculated as the standard deviation of three sitting SBP readings among up to ...

To assess the association between the variability of blood pressure (BP) readings within an initial clinic visit, the variability within subsequent visits and the variability between visits over 1 week in a general population. This study included 1401 adult residents, who were not taking antihypertensive drugs, having BP measurements at three visits over 1 week. The difference between maximal a...

Hypertension guidelines recommend that blood pressure (BP) should be measured using a monitor that has passed validation testing for accuracy. BP monitors that have not undergone rigorous validation testing can still be cleared by regulatory authorities for marketing and sale. This is the situation for most BP monitors worldwide. Thus, consumers (patients, health professionals, procurement offi...

Early postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) has been reported following atrial fibrillation (AF) ablation. However, whether POCD is persistent long-term is unknown.The purpose of this study was to determine if AF catheter ablation is associated with persistent cognitive dysfunction at 12-month follow-up.This is a prospective study of 100 patients with symptomatic AF who failed at least 1 a...

Catheter ablation is an effective strategy in atrial fibrillation (AF). However, its timing in the course of management remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine if an early versus delayed AF ablation strategy is associated with differences in arrhythmia outcomes during 12-month follow-up.One hundred patients with symptomatic AF referred to a tertiary centre for management were ra...

Whether sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are cost-effective based solely on their cardiovascular and kidney benefits is unknown. We projected the health and economic outcomes due to myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, heart failure (HF) and end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) among people with type 2 diabetes, with and wit...

Autopsy is the gold standard method for determining cause of death. Young sudden death (SD) is a prototype condition in which autopsy is universally recommended. The aim of this review was to quantify real-world global rates of autopsy in either all-cause death or young SD. A systematic review was conducted. Rates of autopsy in all-cause death and in young SD were determined in each country usi...