Publications
Now showing items 121-140 of 4509 records
Establishing international optimal cut-offs of waist-to-height ratio for predicting cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents aged 6-18 years.
BMC MEDICINE - 15 Nov 2023
Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) has been proposed as a simple and effective screening tool for assessing central obesity and cardiometabolic risk in both adult and pediatric populations. However, evidence suggests that the use of a uniform WHtR cut-off of 0.50 may not be universally optimal for pediatric populations globally. We aimed to determine the optimal cut-offs of WHtR in children and adole...
Aspects of Program Engagement in an Online Physical Activity Intervention and Baseline Predictors of Engagement.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION : AJHP - 01 Nov 2023
Participant engagement in an online physical activity (PA) intervention is described and baseline factors related to engagement are identified.Longitudinal Study Within Randomized Controlled Trial.Online/Internet.Primary care patients (21-70 years).ActiveGOALS was a 3-month, self-directed online PA intervention (15 total lessons, remote coaching support, and a body-worn step-counter).Engagement...
Highly active nisin coated polycaprolactone electrospun fibers against both Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES - 01 Nov 2023
In this study, a wound dressing of electrospun polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers incorporating the antimicrobial peptide (AMP) nisin was fabricated. Nisin was physically adsorbed to the PCL fibers and tested for antibacterial activity against both Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). The PCL fibers had an average diameter of 1.16 μm ± 0.42 μm and no signific...
Circular-SWAT for deep learning based diagnostic classification of Alzheimer's disease: application to metabolome data.
EBIOMEDICINE - 01 Nov 2023
Deep learning has shown potential in various scientific domains but faces challenges when applied to complex, high-dimensional multi-omics data. Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that lacks targeted therapeutic options. This study introduces the Circular-Sliding Window Association Test (c-SWAT) to improve the classification accuracy in predicting AD using serum-based meta...
Poor sleep and shift work associate with increased blood pressure and inflammation in UK Biobank participants.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS - 04 Nov 2023
Disrupted circadian rhythms have been linked to an increased risk of hypertension and cardiovascular disease. However, many studies show inconsistent findings and are not sufficiently powered for targeted subgroup analyses. Using the UK Biobank cohort, we evaluate the association between circadian rhythm-disrupting behaviours, blood pressure (SBP, DBP) and inflammatory markers in >350,000 adult...
Top-down control of vestibular inputs by the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.
EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH - 01 Dec 2023
The vestibular apparatus provides spatial information on the position of the head in space and with respect to gravity. Low-frequency sinusoidal galvanic vestibular stimulation (sGVS), a means of selectively changing the firing of vestibular afferents, induces a frequency-dependent perception of sway and, in some individuals, induces nausea. Given that vestibular afferents project to the insula...
Multiple Myeloma-Derived Circulating Extracellular Vesicles Affect Normal Human Stromal Cell Behaviour and Promote Tumor Progression: A Multi-Omic Approach
BLOOD - 15 Nov 2022
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted in the extracellular space, can travel through the blood stream and are transferred to target (stromal) cells. This makes EVs an important means of cell-to-cell communication both at local and distant sites (metastasis). EVs can reprogram signalling pathways in stromal cells promoting the formation of a supportive tumour microenvironment (TME) and pre-m...
Diverse strategies are needed to support physical activity engagement in women who have had breast cancer.
SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE MULTINATIONAL ASSOCIATION OF SUPPORTIVE CARE IN CANCER - 21 Oct 2023
Physical activity can improve health in people living with and beyond breast cancer; however, how to best support physical activity participation in this population is unclear. This qualitative study sought to identify important physical activity program components for breast cancer.Women with previous breast cancer (n = 11) and allied health professionals (n = 7) participated in one-on-one sem...
Trends in the Incidence of End-Stage Kidney Disease in Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes in Australia, 2010-2019.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL KIDNEY FOUNDATION - 01 Nov 2023
Trends in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) among people with diabetes may inform clinical management and public health strategies. We estimated trends in the incidence of ESKD among people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes in Australia from 2010-2019 and evaluated their associated factors.Cohort study.71,700 people with type 1 and 1,112,690 people with type 2 diabetes registered on the Australian ...
Ceramides Increase Fatty Acid Utilization in Intestinal Progenitors to Enhance Stemness and Increase Tumor Risk.
GASTROENTEROLOGY - 01 Nov 2023
Cancers of the alimentary tract, including esophageal adenocarcinomas, colorectal cancers, and cancers of the gastric cardia, are common comorbidities of obesity. Prolonged, excessive delivery of macronutrients to the cells lining the gut can increase one's risk for these cancers by inducing imbalances in the rate of intestinal stem cell proliferation vs differentiation, which can produce polyp...
Congenital fibrinogen disorders: Strengthening genotype-phenotype correlations through novel genetic diagnostic tools.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY - 01 Nov 2023
Congenital fibrinogen disorders or CFDs are heterogenous, both in clinical manifestation and array of culprit molecular lesions. Correlations between phenotype and genotype remain poorly defined. This review examines the genetic landscape discovered to date for this rare condition. The question of a possible oligogenic model of inheritance influencing phenotypic heterogeneity is raised, with di...
Effect of Conventional Lifestyle Interventions on Type 2 Diabetes Incidence by Glucose-Defined Prediabetes Phenotype: An Individual Participant Data Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.
DIABETES CARE - 01 Nov 2023
To examine whether the effect of conventional lifestyle interventions on type 2 diabetes incidence differs by glucose-defined prediabetes phenotype.We searched multiple databases until 1 April 2023 for randomized controlled trials that recruited people with isolated impaired fasting glucose (i-IFG), isolated impaired glucose tolerance (i-IGT), and impaired fasting glucose plus impaired glucose ...
Loss of Trim28 in muscle alters mitochondrial signalling but not systemic metabolism.
THE JOURNAL OF ENDOCRINOLOGY - 01 Nov 2023
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), a condition characterised by insulin resistance (IR) and skeletal muscle mitochondrial abnormalities, is a leading cause of death in developed societies. Much work has postulated that improving pathways linked to mitochondrial health, including autophagy, may be a potential avenue to prevent or treat T2DM. Given the recent data indicating a role for tripartite m...
Recent developments in frailty identification, management, risk factors and prevention: A narrative review of leading journals in geriatrics and gerontology.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS - 01 Nov 2023
Frailty is an age-related clinical condition characterised by an increased susceptibility to stressors and an elevated risk of adverse outcomes such as mortality. In the light of global population ageing, the prevalence of frailty is expected to soar in coming decades. This narrative review provides critical insights into recent developments and emerging practices in frailty research regarding ...
Left ventricular hypertrophy: an ECG-based study of prevalence and risk factors in a multiethnic population.
OPEN HEART - 01 Nov 2023
Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is frequently seen in association with arterial hypertension and indicates poor prognosis. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of LVH and associated factors in a multiethnic population from Mauritius.Population-based health surveys were performed in 2009 and 2015 and included in total 8961 individuals aged 35-75 years with recorded 12-lead ECG. LVH wa...
Venous Thromboembolism and Estrogen-Containing Gender-Affirming Hormone Therapy.
THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS - 02 Nov 2023
Gender-affirming therapy involves the use of hormones to develop the physical characteristics of the identified gender and suppressing endogenous sex hormone production. Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a known risk of exogenous estrogen therapy, and while evidence of VTE risk among transgender women using modern gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) is still emerging, it is thought to affect ...
Mass cytometry analysis reveals altered immune profiles in patients with coronary artery disease.
CLINICAL & TRANSLATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY - 01 Jan 2023
The importance of inflammation in atherosclerosis is well accepted, but the role of the adaptive immune system is not yet fully understood. To further explore this, we assessed the circulating immune cell profile of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) to identify discriminatory features by mass cytometry.Mass cytometry was performed on patient samples from the BioHEART-CT study, gated t...
The degree of engagement of cardiac and sympathetic arms of the baroreflex does not depend on the absolute value and sign of arterial pressure variations.
03 Nov 2023
The percentages of cardiac and sympathetic baroreflex patterns detected via baroreflex sequence (SEQ) technique from spontaneous variability of heart period (HP) and systolic arterial pressure (SAP) and of muscle nerve sympathetic activity (MSNA) burst rate and diastolic arterial pressure (DAP) are utilized to assess the level of the baroreflex engagement. The cardiac baroreflex patterns can be...
Dimethyl fumarate modulates the dystrophic disease program following short-term treatment.
JCI INSIGHT - 08 Nov 2023
New medicines are urgently required to treat the fatal neuromuscular disease Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) is a potent immunomodulatory small molecule nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 activator with current clinical utility in the treatment of multiple sclerosis and psoriasis that could be effective for DMD and rapidly translatable. Here, we tested 2 weeks of da...
Electrical stimulation of the ventromedial prefrontal cortex modulates muscle sympathetic nerve activity and blood pressure.
CEREBRAL CORTEX (NEW YORK, N.Y. : 1991) - 09 Nov 2023
We recently showed that transcranial alternating current stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex modulates spontaneous bursts of muscle sympathetic nerve activity, heart rate, and blood pressure (Sesa-Ashton G, Wong R, McCarthy B, Datta S, Henderson LA, Dawood T, Macefield VG. Stimulation of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex modulates muscle sympathetic nerve activity and blood press...
