Publications
Now showing items 301-320 of 5582 records
Increased atherosclerosis in HIV-infected humanized mice is caused by a single viral protein, Nef.
THE JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES - 16 Apr 2025
Antiretroviral therapy (ART) suppresses HIV replication, reverses immunodeficiency, and reduces AIDS-related symptoms, but non-AIDS co-morbidities like cardiovascular diseases remain a major challenge for people living with HIV (PLWH). The pathogenic mechanisms driving these co-morbidities are poorly understood. We previously showed that the HIV protein Nef contributes to chronic inflammation i...
Endothelial -targeted CD39 is protective in a mouse model of global forebrain ischaemia.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION - 21 Apr 2025
Global ischemic brain injury occurs after cardiac arrest or prolonged hypotensive episodes following surgery or trauma. It causes significant neurological deficits even after successful re-establishment of blood flow. It is the primary cause of death in 68% of inpatient and 23% of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases, but there are currently no treatments. Endothelial activation and dysfunction...
Incidence Rate of Coronary Atherosclerosis among Cancer Types during Survivorship: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL - 23 Apr 2025
Although coronary atherosclerosis is an important contributor to cardiovascular burden in adult cancer survivors, it remains unclear as to who is at risk. This systematic review sought to identify the incidence rate of coronary atherosclerosis in different cancer types and risk factors that contributed to the risk difference. A search of papers on the prevalence of coronary atherosclerosis amon...
Review of strategies to improve adherence to lipid lowering therapy in the primary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY - 24 Apr 2025
Poor adherence to lipid lowering therapy (LLT) is a major barrier in the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) worldwide. The burden of CVD can be significantly reduced by LLT, particularly in populations with high cardiovascular (CV) risk. Despite established benefits from LLT, efforts to improve adherence have had varying degrees of success in primary prevention. Adherence is a multifact...
Prediagnostic Exposures and Cancer Survival: Can a Meaningful Causal Estimand Be Specified?
EPIDEMIOLOGY (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) - 01 May 2025
Understanding Body Composition Analysis in Obesity Management.
THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA - 01 Apr 2025
The incidence of lifestyle diseases, namely obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, metabolic syndrome, etc., is increasing across the world. There are different phenotypes of obesity, and body composition analysis has now become an essential part of clinical practice. It is needed to provide a better understanding of the functional capacity of the body, the muscle composition, and the amount...
Survival Outcomes After Multiple vs Single Arterial Grafting Among Patients With Reduced Ejection Fraction.
JAMA NETWORK OPEN - 01 Apr 2025
Multiarterial coronary bypass procedures offer improved clinical outcomes compared with single arterial grafting with supplementary saphenous vein grafts. However, the survival advantage of multiarterial grafting across varying levels of left ventricular impairment remains uncertain. To compare long-term survival outcomes of patients undergoing multiple vs single arterial grafting, stratified b...
Understanding the Unmet Needs of People Living with Type 2 Diabetes in Self-Managing Their Condition.
NUTRIENTS - 02 Apr 2025
<b>Background/Objectives:</b> Type 2 diabetes (T2D) prevalence is rising worldwide. Despite numerous efforts to address the condition, many initiatives fall short due to limited consumer engagement. Involving people with lived experience in healthcare design is increasingly recognized as an effective strategy for improving diabetes management. <b>Aim:</b> To understand the unmet needs of people...
Strengthening the reporting of diet item details in feeding studies measuring the dietary metabolome: The DID-METAB core outcome set statement.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION - 06 Apr 2025
Understanding the cardiovascular impact and outcomes in gestational diabetes (GDM) and preeclampsia (pE): A response to the proposed three-tiered management approach.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY - 07 Apr 2025
Quality-Adjusted Life Expectancy by Socioeconomic Disadvantage and Remoteness Area; Population norms for Australia.
VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH - 07 Apr 2025
Detailed and current information on the social distribution of health across gradients of socioeconomic disadvantage and geographic remoteness in Australia is limited. Quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) is a useful summary measure of population health, combining mortality and health related quality of life (HRQoL). This cross-sectional study estimates QALE by year age for the Australian po...
Genetic regulation of gene expression across multiple tissues in chickens.
NATURE GENETICS - 08 Apr 2025
The chicken is a valuable model for understanding fundamental biology and vertebrate evolution and is a major global source of nutrient-dense and lean protein. Despite being the first non-mammalian amniote to have its genome sequenced, a systematic characterization of functional variation on the chicken genome remains lacking. Here, we integrated bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data from 7,015 sa...
SARS-CoV-2 infectivity can be modulated through bacterial grooming of the glycocalyx.
MBIO - 09 Apr 2025
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a site of replication of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and GI symptoms are often reported by patients. SARS-CoV-2 cell entry depends upon heparan sulfate (HS) proteoglycans, which commensal bacteria that bathe the human mucosa are known to modify. To explore human gut HS-modifying bacterial abundances and how their presence may i...
Myocardial injury after non-cardiac surgery - do patients with cancer fare worse?
ANZ JOURNAL OF SURGERY - 09 Apr 2025
Associations of neighbourhood walkability with patterns of device-measured stepping, standing and sitting.
THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY - 09 Apr 2025
Neighbourhood walkability is known to be positively associated with self-reported and device-based measures of overall physical activity. However, relations of walkability with specific active and sedentary behaviour patterns are not well understood. We investigated cross-sectional associations of neighbourhood walkability with time spent stepping, standing, sitting, and their pattern metrics u...
Statin Effects on the Lipidome: Predicting Statin Usage and Implications for Cardiovascular Risk Prediction.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH - 09 Apr 2025
Statin therapy is a highly successful and cost-effective strategy for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Adjusting for statin usage is crucial when exploring the association of the lipidome with CVD to avoid erroneous conclusions. However, practical challenges arise in real-world scenarios due to the frequent absence of statin usage information. To address this limit...
Heart Has Intrinsic Ketogenic Capacity that Mediates NAD<sup>+</sup> Therapy in HFpEF.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH - 11 Apr 2025
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has overtaken heart failure with reduced ejection fraction as the leading type of heart failure globally and is marked by high morbidity and mortality rates, yet with only a single approved pharmacotherapy: SGLT2i (sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor). A prevailing theory for the mechanism underlying SGLT2i is nutrient deprivation sig...
Associations of alcohol with the human gut microbiome and prospective health outcomes in the FINRISK 2002 cohort.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION - 11 Apr 2025
Alcohol remains a global risk factor for non-communicable diseases with the gut microbiome emerging as a novel elucidator. We investigated how gut microbiome associates with alcohol on population level, if there is mediation reflected in health outcomes, and how functional potential is related. Our sample consisted of 4575 shallow-shotgun sequenced fecal samples from the FINRISK 2002 cohort (25...
Identifying episodes of care in hospital admissions data for measures of disease burden: A tutorial and protocol for individual-level data analysis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INFORMATICS - 19 Mar 2025
We are not aware of any comprehensive, publicly available, standardised protocol or syntax for the processing of hospital admissions data for individual-level analysis. Failure to appropriately process and analyse data in a standardised manner could lead to misestimation of event rates, inconsistency between studies, and incorrect findings informing clinical practice and health policy. To devel...
Oncogenic small extracellular vesicles enriched in sphingosine-1-phosphate play a crucial role in pancreatic cancer progression.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING - 28 Mar 2025
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from tumour cells mediate intercellular communication and signalling to regulate the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). While we and others have shown that PDAC-derived sEVs comprise oncogenic protein and nucleic acid cargo, understanding the lipid landscape of these sEVs remains unknown. Lipids influence both the composition of sEVs and ...
