Publications
Now showing items 2441-2460 of 5325 records
Improving systems of care during and after a pregnancy complicated by hyperglycaemia: A protocol for a complex health systems intervention.
BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH - 01 Sep 2020
Many women with hyperglycaemia in pregnancy do not receive care during and after pregnancy according to standards recommended in international guidelines. The burden of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy falls disproportionately upon Indigenous peoples worldwide, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women in Australia. The remote and regional Australian context poses additional barriers to ...
Sitting at work & waist circumference-A cross-sectional study of Australian workers.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE - 01 Dec 2020
Studies examining associations of sitting time at work with obesity measures have produced inconsistent findings. Different sample characteristics across studies, e.g., the composition of different occupational groups, may be one explanation for the mixed findings. We examined cross-sectional associations of workplace sitting time with waist circumference in workers engaged in desk-based work a...
The Polygenic and Monogenic Basis of Blood Traits and Diseases.
CELL - 03 Sep 2020
Blood cells play essential roles in human health, underpinning physiological processes such as immunity, oxygen transport, and clotting, which when perturbed cause a significant global health burden. Here we integrate data from UK Biobank and a large-scale international collaborative effort, including data for 563,085 European ancestry participants, and discover 5,106 new genetic variants indep...
NETosis Is Required for S100A8/A9-Induced Granulopoiesis After Myocardial Infarction.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS, THROMBOSIS, AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY - 01 Nov 2020
Cost-effectiveness of a lifestyle intervention in high-risk individuals for diabetes in a low- and middle-income setting: Trial-based analysis of the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program.
BMC MEDICINE - 04 Sep 2020
Data on the cost-effectiveness of lifestyle-based diabetes prevention programs are mostly from high-income countries, which cannot be extrapolated to low- and middle-income countries. We performed a trial-based cost-effectiveness analysis of a lifestyle intervention targeted at preventing diabetes in India.The Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program was a cluster-randomized controlled trial of 1007 ...
Genomic risk scores for juvenile idiopathic arthritis and its subtypes.
ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES - 01 Dec 2020
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is an autoimmune disease and a common cause of chronic disability in children. Diagnosis of JIA is based purely on clinical symptoms, which can be variable, leading to diagnosis and treatment delays. Despite JIA having substantial heritability, the construction of genomic risk scores (GRSs) to aid or expedite diagnosis has not been assessed. Here, we generate...
Exercise cardiovascular magnetic resonance reveals reduced cardiac reserve in pediatric cancer survivors with impaired cardiopulmonary fitness.
JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR CARDIOVASCULAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE - 07 Sep 2020
Pediatric cancer survivors are at increased risk of cardiac dysfunction and heart failure. Reduced peak oxygen consumption (peak VO) is associated with impaired cardiac reserve (defined as the increase in cardiac function from rest to peak exercise) and heart failure risk, but it is unclear whether this relationship exists in pediatric cancer survivors. This study sought to investigate the pres...
Contribution of the Renal Nerves to Hypertension in a Rabbit Model of Chronic Kidney Disease.
HYPERTENSION (DALLAS, TEX. : 1979) - 01 Nov 2020
Overactivity of the sympathetic nervous system and high blood pressure are implicated in the development and progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and independently predict cardiovascular events in end-stage renal disease. To assess the role of renal nerves, we determined whether renal denervation (RDN) altered the hypertension and sympathoexcitation associated with a rabbit model of CKD....
Exploring the structural distribution of genetic variation in SARS-CoV-2 with the COVID-3D online resource.
NATURE GENETICS - 01 Oct 2020
Cholesterol transport between red blood cells and lipoproteins contributes to cholesterol metabolism in blood.
JOURNAL OF LIPID RESEARCH - 01 Dec 2020
Lipoproteins play a key role in transport of cholesterol to and from tissues. Recent studies have also demonstrated that red blood cells (RBCs), which carry large quantities of free cholesterol in their membrane, play an important role in reverse cholesterol transport. However, the exact role of RBCs in systemic cholesterol metabolism is poorly understood. RBCs were incubated with autologous pl...
Identification of physiologic treatment targets with favourable haemodynamic consequences in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.
ESC HEART FAILURE - 09 Sep 2020
Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is characterized by complex pathophysiology including an impaired diastolic reserve. We recently showed that milrinone favourably modifies filling pressures at rest and during exertion in HFpEF patients; however, the responsible mechanism is uncertain. The objective of this study was to develop a clearer understanding of the acutely modifia...
Domain-Specific Physical Activity, Pain Interference, and Muscle Pain after Activity.
MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE - 01 Oct 2020
Using the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study, we examined the associations of occupation, household, transport, and leisure physical activity with pain interference with normal work and muscle pain after activity.This cross-sectional analysis included 7655 working and 11,766 nonworking participants. Physical activity was assessed using the long-form International Physical Activity Questionnai...
Vestibular modulation of skin sympathetic nerve activity in sopite syndrome induced by low-frequency sinusoidal motion.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY - 01 Dec 2020
Sopite syndrome, centered around the drowsiness, lethargy, and irritability associated with motion sickness, can be induced by exposure to low-frequency motion. It is known that the vestibular apparatus plays an important role in the pathogenesis of motion sickness, which features several autonomic responses, and we have previously documented increased vestibular modulation of skin sympathetic ...
ApoA-I Nanoparticles Delivered Post Myocardial Infarction Moderate Inflammation.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH - 21 Sep 2020
Decades of research have examined immune modulatory strategies to protect the heart after an acute myocardial infarction and prevent progression to heart failure, but have failed to translate to clinical benefit. To determine anti-inflammatory actions of apoA-I nanoparticles (n-apoA-I) that contribute to cardiac tissue recovery after myocardial infarction. Using a preclinical mouse model of my...
The effectiveness of sedentary behaviour interventions on sitting time and screen time in children and adults: an umbrella review of systematic reviews.
THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY - 21 Sep 2020
There is increasing concern about the time people spend in sedentary behaviour, including screen time, leisure and occupational sitting. The number of both primary research studies (published trials) and reviews has been growing rapidly in this research area. A summary of the highest level of evidence that provides a broader quantitative synthesis of diverse types of interventions is needed. Th...
Collateral damage: Hidden impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the out-of-hospital cardiac arrest system-of-care.
RESUSCITATION - 01 Nov 2020
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) during COVID-19 has been reported by countries with high case numbers and overwhelmed healthcare services. Imposed restrictions and treatment precautions may have also influenced OHCA processes-of-care. We investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic period on incidence, characteristics, and survival from OHCA in Victoria, Australia.Using data from the ...
Modification of lipid rafts by extracellular vesicles carrying HIV-1 protein Nef induces redistribution of amyloid precursor protein and Tau, causing neuronal dysfunction.
THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY - 18 Sep 2020
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) are a frequent outcome of HIV infection. Effective treatment of HIV infection has reduced the rate of progression and severity but not the overall prevalence of HANDs, suggesting ongoing pathological process even when viral replication is suppressed. In this study, we investigated how HIV-1 protein Nef secreted in extracellular vesicles (exNef) im...
Insulin signaling requires glucose to promote lipid anabolism in adipocytes.
THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY - 18 Sep 2020
Adipose tissue is essential for metabolic homeostasis, balancing lipid storage and mobilization based on nutritional status. This is coordinated by insulin, which triggers kinase signaling cascades to modulate numerous metabolic proteins, leading to increased glucose uptake and anabolic processes like lipogenesis. Given recent evidence that glucose is dispensable for adipocyte respiration, we s...
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation Represents an Anti-Inflammatory Therapy Via Reduction of Shear Stress-Induced, Piezo-1-Mediated Monocyte Activation.
CIRCULATION - 15 Sep 2020
Aortic valve stenosis is an increasingly prevalent degenerative and inflammatory disease. Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) has revolutionized its treatment, thereby avoiding its life-threatening/disabling consequences. Whether aortic valve stenosis is accelerated by inflammation and whether it is itself a cause of inflammation are unclear. We hypothesized that the large shear forc...
Fluorine-19 Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Activated Platelets.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION - 15 Sep 2020
