Publications
Now showing items 201-220 of 5582 records
Determinants of temporal change in telomere length and its associations with chronic complications and mortality in type 2 diabetes: the Fremantle diabetes study phase II.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY - 03 Jul 2025
Relative telomere length (rTL), a biomarker of biological ageing, has been implicated in type 2 diabetes and its complications. We aimed to identify the associates of rTL change over 4 years (∆rTL), and to investigate whether rTL and ∆rTL are associated with complications and mortality in adults with type 2 diabetes from the Australian observational community-based Fremantle Diabetes Study Phas...
Combining Coronary Calcium Score With Treatment in Familial Coronary Artery Disease-Reply.
JAMA - 02 Jul 2025
Expert Opinion on Management Advancements in Sarcopenia: From Muscle Wasting to Recovery.
THE JOURNAL OF THE ASSOCIATION OF PHYSICIANS OF INDIA - 01 Jun 2025
Sarcopenia, an age-related condition marked by the decline of skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, often leads to loss of function, disability, and diminished quality of life (QoL) in the elderly population. Despite its growing prevalence, sarcopenia is frequently underdiagnosed and inadequately managed. Timely detection and appropriate interventions are crucial to slowing disease prog...
Understanding the drivers and consequences of early-onset type 2 diabetes.
LANCET (LONDON, ENGLAND) - 20 Jun 2025
Early-onset type 2 diabetes (defined as type 2 diabetes diagnosed in people aged <40 years) is increasingly prevalent with substantial health and socioeconomic implications. Unlike late-onset type 2 diabetes, early-onset type 2 diabetes is a high-risk and aggressive phenotype, with accelerated pancreatic β-cell decline and greater insulin resistance due to the rising rate of obesity. People wit...
Insights into the pathogenic mechanisms associated with the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY - 23 Jun 2025
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the pathogenic agent responsible for the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, uses the trimeric spike protein to gain entry into the host cell. Structural studies have revealed that the spike protein is comprised of the S1 and S2 subunits. The S1 subunit of the spike protein contains the receptor-binding domain (RBD), which ...
Beyond FITT: addressing density in understanding the dose-response relationships of physical activity with health-an example based on brain health.
26 Jun 2025
Research on physical activity (PA) and health has a fundamental concern with dose-response relationships. The variables of (1) Frequency, (2) Intensity, (3) Time, and (4) Type (i.e., the FITT principle) have traditionally been used to operationalize the dosage of PA. We consider some limitations of FITT and propose that it can be complemented by the additional variable density (from the German ...
Trends in the prevalence of cardiovascular disease, defined as ECG abnormalities and/or self-reported events, in Mauritius between 1987 and 2021: analysis of data from seven large population-based surveys.
BMJ OPEN - 16 Jun 2025
To estimate the prevalence of coronary heart disease (CHD) in Mauritius. Over the last half century, rapid socioeconomic development has taken place in the multiethnic Mauritius. It is unclear if this is paralleled with an increasing prevalence of CHD. Repeated cross-sectional population-based studies. Mauritius. Seven population-based surveys were performed in Mauritius between 1987 and 2021. ...
Inequalities in Quality-Adjusted Life Expectancy in Australia by Educational Attainment.
PHARMACOECONOMICS - 16 Jun 2025
Summary measures such as quality-adjusted life expectancy (QALE) are increasingly used to monitor health inequalities. Socioeconomic inequalities in health are well documented in Australia, including inequalities by education. However, estimates for QALE by level of education are lacking for Australia. We aimed to provide QALE stratified by age and sex across levels of educational attainment fo...
A disease-inspired <i>in vitro</i> model of aortic valve stenosis to investigate the drivers of endothelial-mesenchymal transition.
LAB ON A CHIP - 17 Jun 2025
Calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD) is the most prevalent heart valve disorder worldwide. Despite its growing clinical burden, there are currently no pharmacological treatments available to prevent or reverse disease progression; transcatheter or surgical valve replacement remains the only therapeutic option. In this study, we developed a disease-inspired <i>in vitro</i> model to investigate h...
Evaluating the impacts of network latency, haptics, and ergonomics in a Haptically-Enabled Robot for Teleoperated Echocardiography.
COMPUTERS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE - 17 Jun 2025
Access to echocardiography in remote and rural areas is limited due to a shortage of trained sonographers and the difficulties of accessing isolated regions. A Haptically-Enabled Robot for Teleoperated Echocardiography (HERTEC) was developed to address these disparities, enabling experienced echocardiographers to perform cardiac ultrasound examinations remotely using a robotic platform with int...
Insights from precision-cut lung slices-investigating mechanisms and therapeutics for pulmonary hypertension.
RESPIRATORY RESEARCH - 21 Jun 2025
Precision-cut lung slices (PCLS) are gaining traction as a versatile ex vivo tool to study mechanisms and treatments for lung diseases. This preparation, in which the major structural elements of the native lung are preserved, bridges the gap between cell and in vivo models allowing researchers to assess integrated functional responses including smooth muscle reactivity, inflammation and tissue...
In Memoriam: Stevo Julius, MD, ScD.
HYPERTENSION (DALLAS, TEX. : 1979) - 01 Jul 2025
Impact of ionizable lipid type on the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of mRNA-lipid nanoparticles after intravenous and subcutaneous injection.
JOURNAL OF CONTROLLED RELEASE : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE CONTROLLED RELEASE SOCIETY - 10 Jun 2025
Ionizable lipids play a crucial role in mRNA-lipid nanoparticle (LNP) formulations by facilitating mRNA encapsulation, promoting cell uptake, and enhancing endosomal escape of mRNA-LNPs. Despite their importance in mRNA delivery, the specific effects of ionizable lipids on mRNA-LNP in vivo pharmacokinetics (PK) and biodistribution remain underexplored. This study examines the effect of SM-102, ...
STAREE-HEART: a randomized placebo-controlled trial of atorvastatin effects on a marker of cardiac aging in older individuals without prior cardiovascular disease events: Protocol and baseline description of participants.
AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL - 12 Jun 2025
Statins may prevent myocardial dysfunction associated with aging, and consequent atrial fibrillation (AF) and heart failure (HF). STAREE-HEART is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial assessing atorvastatin on markers of cardiovascular aging in a healthy older population. This ancillary study is nested in the STAtins in Reducing Events in the Elderly (STAREE) primary pre...
Cumulative exposures to glycaemia and lipids are associated with coronary artery disease in type 1 diabetes: a call for action.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY - 13 Jun 2025
Hyperglycaemia and dyslipidaemia are well-known risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD) in type 1 diabetes. The impact of long-term cumulative exposure to these risk factors is less explored. We investigated the relationship between cumulative glycaemic and lipid exposure and CAD in individuals with type 1 diabetes. This longitudinal study included 3495 adults with type 1 diabetes from t...
Impact of different hypertensive disorders of pregnancy on cardiovascular disease risk and all-cause mortality in women with type 1 diabetes.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY - 14 Jun 2025
Our aim was to assess how pre-eclampsia, gestational hypertension, and chronic (pre-pregnancy) hypertension, compared to no hypertensive disorders during pregnancy, impact development of cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in type 1 diabetes (T1D). We included 190 T1D women with median age of 29.4 (interquartile range 26.0-33.3) years at delivery between 1988 and 1994 at the Helsinki...
Performance of deep-learning-based approaches to improve polygenic scores.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS - 02 Jun 2025
Polygenic scores, which estimate an individual's genetic propensity for a disease or trait, have the potential to become part of genomic healthcare. Neural-network based deep-learning has emerged as a method of intense interest to model complex, nonlinear phenomena, which may be adapted to exploit gene-gene and gene-environment interactions to potentially improve polygenic scores. We fit neural...
Association of Cross-life-cycle Body Size and Genetic Risk With Cardio-renal-metabolic Conditions in Adulthood evidence from a prospective cohort study.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SURGERY (LONDON, ENGLAND) - 04 Jun 2025
The aim of this study was to investigate the longitudinal associations between the body size trajectory and the cardio-renal-metabolic (CRM) conditions in adulthood, and evaluate the joint association between body size trajectory and polygenic risk scores (PRS) of CRM conditions. This prospective cohort study included 441,470 UK Biobank participants aged 40 to 70 years, recruited between March ...
Ischaemic endothelial necroptosis induces haemolysis and COVID-19 angiopathy.
NATURE - 04 Jun 2025
Microangiopathy is a major complication of SARS-CoV-2 infection and contributes to the acute and chronic complications of the disease<sup>1</sup>. Endotheliopathy and dysregulated blood coagulation are prominent in COVID-19 and are considered to be major causes of microvascular obstruction<sup>1,2</sup>. Here we demonstrate extensive endothelial cell (EC) death in the microvasculature of COVID-...
Effects of live-remote exercise on quality of life and other health-related outcomes in cancer survivors: a randomised controlled trial.
JOURNAL OF CANCER SURVIVORSHIP : RESEARCH AND PRACTICE - 05 Jun 2025
Exercise following cancer treatment has been shown to improve health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and other important health outcomes, yet barriers to participation prevent many cancer survivors from exercising according to recommendations. Live-remote exercise methods could improve accessibility; however, evidence on their efficacy is limited. The EX-MED Cancer Sweden randomised controlled ...
