Baker Institute open access repository
This open-access repository is a publically accessible, digital repository of the Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute's research outputs. Its purpose is to make our research findings available to the widest possible audience.
Visit the Baker Institute website for more information on Baker Institute research, lifestyle books and health fact sheets.
Follow our OAR Twitter account to keep in touch with our latest research publications.
This open access repository contains the full text of articles, subject to copyright constraints.
Publications
Now showing items 1-20 of 5088 records
Urinary metabolomics provide insights into coronary artery disease in individuals with type 1 diabetes.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY - 26 Nov 2024
Type 1 diabetes increases the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). High-throughput metabolomics may be utilized to identify metabolites associated with disease, thus, providing insight into disease pathophysiology, and serving as predictive markers in clinical practice. Urine is less tightly regulated than blood, and therefore, may enable earlier discovery of disease-associated markers. We st...
Polygenic Prediction of Recurrent Events After Early-Onset Myocardial Infarction.
CIRCULATION. GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE - 29 Nov 2024
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a complex disease caused by both lifestyle and genetic factors. This study aims to investigate the predictive value of genetic risk, in addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors, for recurrent events following early-onset MI. The Italian Genetic Study of Early-Onset Myocardial Infarction is a cohort study enrolling patients with MI before 45 years. Monoge...
Bioavailable testosterone and androgen receptor activation, but not total testosterone, are associated with muscle mass and strength in females.
THE JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY - 11 Oct 2024
Testosterone, the major androgen, influences the reproductive and non-reproductive systems in males and females via binding to the androgen receptor (AR). Both circulating endogenous testosterone and muscle AR protein content are positively associated with muscle mass and strength in males, but there is no such evidence in females. Here, we tested whether circulating testosterone levels were as...
Epigenomic biomarkers of cardiometabolic disease: How far are we from daily practice?
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY - 07 Nov 2024
Determining whether someone has cardiometabolic disease (CMD), especially in the early stages, can be complicated. Risk stratification ordinarily depends on an extended process relying on medical history that typically considers blood pressure, cholesterol, smoking and diabetes status. Physicians have long relied on these key patient characteristics to assess CMD risk. However, these widely use...
Obesity Associated Reproductive and Sexual Syndrome(OARS) in Men.
JPMA. THE JOURNAL OF THE PAKISTAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION - 01 Nov 2024
Obesity, which has emerged as a major global public health challenge, is associated with myriad medical and multisystemic complications. Obesity impacts the male reproductive and sexual function in multiple ways as well. However, perhaps because of the focus on cardiovascular and metabolic health, the gonadal aspects of obesity medicine have not been given due attention. We propose the term OAR...
Somnometabolic Syndrome Revisited.
JPMA. THE JOURNAL OF THE PAKISTAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION - 01 Nov 2024
The term somnometabolic syndrome has been used to describe a condition where obstructive sleep apnoea coexists with one or more components of metabolic syndrome. We propose a wider definition, stating that somnometabolic syndrome refers to the multifaceted, bidirectional relationship between sleep and metabolic health, including vascular health. This also includes the association of sleep with ...
Physio-Friendly Remission-Facilitating Pharmacotherapy (PRP) in Type 2 Diabetes.
JPMA. THE JOURNAL OF THE PAKISTAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION - 01 Nov 2024
This brief communication describes the concept of physiofriendly pharmacotherapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Physio-friendly therapy is defined as that which restores metabolic, including glycaemic and weight homoeostasis, to near normal levels. Drugs such as glucagon like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA), sodium glucose cotransporter- 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), and alfa glucosidase inhibitor...
Lipoxin A<sub>4</sub> improves cardiac remodeling and function in diabetes-associated cardiac dysfunction.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY - 20 Nov 2024
Diabetic heart disease may eventually lead to heart failure, a leading cause of mortality in diabetic individuals. The lack of effective treatments for diabetes-induced heart failure may result from a failure to address the underlying pathological processes, including chronic, low-grade inflammation. Previous studies have reported that lipoxin A<sub>4</sub> (LXA<sub>4</sub>), known to promote r...
Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level Distributions Across Different Ages: Implications for Screening Children for Severe and Familial Hypercholesterolemia.
CIRCULATION - 19 Nov 2024
Low breast density is associated with epicardial adipose tissue volume and coronary artery disease.
CLINICAL IMAGING - 17 Nov 2024
Epicardial adipose tissue volume (EATv), is well correlated with coronary artery disease (CAD), however not reported clinically. Breast density, measured on mammography, has shown promise as a reflector of cardiometabolic risk, with less dense breasts indicating greater proportion of adipose tissue. We aimed to evaluate the association between breast density, EATv and CAD. Retrospective, cross-...
Physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions for people living with both frailty and multiple long-term conditions and their informal carers: a scoping review and stakeholder consultation.
AGE AND AGEING - 04 Nov 2024
This scoping review mapped evidence on physical activity (including structured exercise) and sedentary behaviour interventions (interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour) in people living with both frailty and multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs) and their informal carers. Ten databases and grey literature were searched from 2000 to October 2023. Two reviewers screened studies and one extrac...
Cardiac structural, functional and energetic assessments during and after pregnancy in women with gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia and healthy pregnancy.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY - 22 Nov 2024
GDM and preeclampsia are common complications of pregnancy, for which overweight/obesity is a common risk factor. Both conditions are associated with a two-to-four-fold increase in future incident heart failure, which may be linked to early maladaptive myocardial changes. To determine maternal myocardial structural, functional, and energetic responses to pregnancies complicated by gestational d...
Worldwide trends in diabetes prevalence and treatment from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 1108 population-representative studies with 141 million participants.
LANCET (LONDON, ENGLAND) - 23 Nov 2024
Diabetes can be detected at the primary health-care level, and effective treatments lower the risk of complications. There are insufficient data on the coverage of treatment for diabetes and how it has changed. We estimated trends from 1990 to 2022 in diabetes prevalence and treatment for 200 countries and territories. We used data from 1108 population-representative studies with 141 million pa...
Decreased endogenous nitric oxide production in acute decompensated heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction.
ESC HEART FAILURE - 01 Mar 2025
Heart failure represents a substantial burden to both patients and healthcare systems worldwide. Nitric oxide (NO) dysregulation may play a key role in patients transitioning from chronic to acute heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Plasma nitrite (NO<sub>2</sub> <sup>-</sup>) is highly reflective of local nitric oxide production and has not been studied in acute HFrEF. This...
Early versus deferred coronary angiography following cardiac arrest. A systematic review and meta-analysis.
RESUSCITATION PLUS - 01 Jun 2023
The role of early coronary angiography (CAG) in the evaluation of patients presenting with out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and no ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STE) pattern on electrocardiogram (ECG) has been subject to considerable debate. We sought to assess the impact of early versus deferred CAG on mortality and neurological outcomes in patients with OHCA and no STE. OVID MEDLIN...
Sex-specific regulation of the cardiac transcriptome by the protein phosphatase 2A regulatory subunit B55α
NPJ METABOLIC HEALTH AND DISEASE - 06 Nov 2024
Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunit B55α has been implicated in the transcriptional regulation of cardiac growth and fibrosis by suppressing HDAC5/MEF2 signalling in cardiomyocytes. We created and characterised two mouse models with global or cardiomyocyte-specific disruption of the gene encoding B55α (Ppp2r2a) to conduct the first detailed exploration of B55α in the heart. Global ...
Polydopamine Nanobowl-Armoured Perfluorocarbon Emulsions: Tracking Thermal- and Photothermal-Induced Phase Change through Neutron Scattering.
SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) - 10 Nov 2024
Anisotropic polydopamine nanobowls (PDA NBs) show significant promise in biomedicine, distinguished by their unique optical properties and superior cellular uptake compared to spherical nanoparticles. This study presents a novel approach for creating multistimuli-activated PDA NB-armored emulsions, encapsulating perfluorohexane (NB-H) and perfluoropentane (NB-P) cores, with applications in cont...
Trends in the incidence of young-adult-onset diabetes by diabetes type: a multi-national population-based study from an international diabetes consortium.
THE LANCET. DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY - 11 Nov 2024
Population-based incidence data on young-adult-onset type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes are limited. We aimed to examine secular trends in the incidence of diagnosed type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes with an age of onset between 15 and 39 years. In this multicountry aggregate data analysis, we assembled eight administrative datasets from high-income jurisdictions and countries (Australia, De...
The NHGRI-EBI GWAS Catalog: standards for reusability, sustainability and diversity.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH - 12 Nov 2024
The NHGRI-EBI GWAS Catalog serves as a vital resource for the genetic research community, providing access to the most comprehensive database of human GWAS results. Currently, it contains close to 7 000 publications for >15 000 traits, from which more than 625 000 lead associations have been curated. Additionally, 85 000 full genome-wide summary statistics datasets-containing association data f...
Applications and potential of machine learning augmented chest X-ray interpretation in cardiology.
MINERVA CARDIOLOGY AND ANGIOLOGY - 13 Nov 2024
The chest X-ray (CXR) has a wide range of clinical indications in the field of cardiology, from the assessment of acute pathology to disease surveillance and screening. Despite many technological advancements, CXR interpretation error rates have remained constant for decades. The application of machine learning has the potential to substantially improve clinical workflow efficiency, pathology d...
