Age as a predictor of clinical outcomes and determinant of therapeutic measures for emergency medical services treated cardiogenic shock.
Xiaoman Xiao; Jason E Bloom; Emily Andrew; Luke P Dawson; Ziad Nehme; Michael Stephenson; David Anderson; Himawan Fernando; Samer Noaman; Shelley Cox; William Chan; David M Kaye; Karen Smith; Dion Stub
Abstract
The impact of age on outcomes in cardiogenic shock (CS) is poorly described in the pre-hospital setting. We assessed the impact of age on outcomes of patients treated by emergency medical services (EMS).This population-based cohort study included consecutive adult patients with CS transported to hospital by EMS. Successfully linked patients were stratified into tertiles by age (18-63, 64-77, and > 77 years). Predictors of 30-day mortality were assessed through regression analyses. The primary outcome was 30-day all-cause mortality.A total of 3523 patients with CS were successfully linked to state health records. The average age was 68 ± 16 years and 1398 (40%) were female. Older patients were more likely to have comorbidities including pre-existing coronary artery disease, hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes mellitus, and cerebrovascular disease. The incidence of CS was significantly greater with increasing age (incidence rate per 100,000 person years 6.47 [95% CI: 6.1-6.8] in age 18-63 years, 34.34 [32.4-36.4] in age 64-77 years, 74.87 [70.6-79.3] in age > 77 years, < 0.001). There was a step-wise increase in the rate of 30-day mortality with increasing age tertile. After adjustment, compared to the lowest age tertile, patients aged > 77 years had increased risk of 30-day mortality (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.26 [95% CI: 1.96-2.60]). Older patients were less likely to receive inpatient coronary angiography.POlder patients with EMS-treated CS have significantly higher rates of short-term mortality. The reduced rates of invasive interventions in older patients underscore the need for further development of systems of care to improve outcomes for this patient group.
Journal | JOURNAL OF GERIATRIC CARDIOLOGY : JGC |
ISSN | 1671-5411 |
Published | 28 Jan 2023 |
Volume | 20 |
Issue | 1 |
Pages | 1 10 1-10 |
DOI | 10.26599/1671-5411.2023.01.004 |
Type | Journal Article |
Sponsorship |