Self-reported physical activity is inaccurate, yet few investigators attempt to adjust for measurement error when estimating risks for health outcomes. We estimated what the association between self-reported physical activity and colorectal cancer risk would be if physical activity had been assessed using accelerometry instead.We conducted a validation study in which 235 Australian adults compl...

Preterm infants undergoing intensive care are often placed prone to improve respiratory function. Current clinical guidelines recommend preterm infants are slept supine from 32 weeks' postmenstrual age, regardless of gestational age at birth. However, respiratory function is also related to gestational and chronological ages and is affected by sleep state. We aimed to identify the optimal timin...

To determine and describe the prevalence and pattern of dyslipidaemia and its associated risk factors among an adult Emirati population.Population-based, cross-sectional study.Adults living in the Northern Emirates.824 adult participants (51.8% men, 48.2% women, mean age 42.8±13.4 years old).Fasting blood samples were collected, blood pressure and waist circumference were measured.The overall d...

Although the main targets for reducing workplace sedentary behavior have been clarified, only a few studies have examined the association between social-ecological factors and workplace sedentary behavior for effective intervention. The present study aimed to examine the social-ecological factors of workplace sedentary behavior among Japanese sedentary workers.Participants were recruited via a ...

Men with prostate cancer experience side effects for which a supportive social environment may be beneficial. We examined the association between four measures of social connectedness and mortality after prostate cancer diagnosis. Male participants in the Melbourne Collaborative Cohort Study in 1990-94, who developed incident prostate cancer and attended follow-up in 2003-07, were eligible for ...

High levels of sedentary behavior may negatively affect health outcomes in cancer survivors. A systematic review and meta-analysis was performed to clarify whether postdiagnosis sedentary behavior is related to survival, patient-reported outcomes, and anthropometric outcomes in cancer survivors.The Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL (The Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), and ...

As distinct from mentally-active sedentary behaviors (e.g. reading), passive sedentary behaviors (e.g. TV-viewing) have been linked to a higher risk of depression, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We examined the potential mediating role of sleep problems in prospective relationships of passive sedentary behaviors with major depressive disorder (MDD).In 1997, 43 863 adults were survey...

Arterial stiffness, a hallmark of diabetes, increases the risk of cardiovascular complications. Potential mechanisms that promote arterial stiffness in diabetes include oxidative stress, glycation and inflammation. The anti-inflammatory protein annexin-A1 (AnxA1) has cardioprotective properties, particularly in the context of ischaemia. However, the role of endogenous AnxA1 in the vasculature i...

We review our recent data obtained on the cortical and subcortical components of the human sympathetic connectome - the network of regions involved in the sympathetic control of blood pressure. Specifically, we functionally identified the human homologue of the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), the primary premotor sympathetic nucleus in the medulla responsible for generating sympathetic va...

Quantitative MS of human plasma lipids is a promising technology for translation into clinical applications. Current MS-based lipidomic methods rely on either direct infusion or chromatographic lipid separation methods (including reversed-phase and hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography). However, the use of lipid markers in laboratory medicine is limited by the lack of reference values,...

Kidney disease caused by type 1 diabetes can progress to end stage renal disease and can increase mortality risk. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (Nox) plays a major role in producing oxidative stress in the kidney in diabetes, and its activity is attenuated by GKT137831, an oral Nox inhibitor with predominant inhibitory action on Nox-1 and Nox - 4. Previous studies ...

There is a dearth of evidence about how high-density living may influence dog-walking behaviour. We examined associations between neighbourhood built environment attributes and dog-ownership and dog-walking behaviour in Japan. Data from 1058 participants were used. The dog-ownership was 18.8%. All neighbourhood built attributes (excluding availability of parks) were negatively associated with d...

To evaluate the longitudinal effects of metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) on the prevalence of musculoskeletal and lower extremity (LE) pain, physical function, and health-related quality of life.The Teen Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery study (NCT00474318) prospectively collected data on 242 adolescents undergoing MBS at 5 centers over a 3-year follow-up. Joint pain and physica...

Background Women with a history of preeclampsia are at increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, the underlying mechanisms of disease association, and the ideal method of monitoring this high-risk group, remains unclear. This review aims to determine whether women with a history of preeclampsia show clinical or subclinical cardiac changes when evaluated with an echocard...

: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) has increased over the past few decades. T2D has a strong genetic propensity that becomes overt when a patient is exposed to a typical Western lifestyle, gain weight and becomes obese, whereas weight loss protects from the development of T2D. Except of lifestyle modifications, the choice of the appropriate treatment is essential in the management of pat...

There is now a body of evidence on the effectiveness of interventions to reduce workplace sitting time. However, there has been limited reporting of how such interventions may impact behaviour both during and outside of work. Sitting, standing and stepping changes following a workplace intervention were examined across five timeframes (work time on work days; non-work time on work days; work da...

Metabolic complications are highly prevalent in cancer survivors treated with irradiation but the underlying mechanisms remain unknown.Chow or high fat-fed C57Bl/6 J mice were irradiated (6Gy) before investigating the impact on whole-body or skeletal muscle metabolism and profiling their lipidomic signature. Using a transgenic mouse model (Tg:Pax7-nGFP), we isolated muscle progenitor cells (sat...

The ACTIVATE Trial examined the efficacy of a wearable-based intervention to increase physical activity and reduce sedentary behaviour in breast cancer survivors. This paper examines the effects of the intervention on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and fatigue at 12 weeks (T2; end of intervention) and 24 weeks (T3; follow-up).Inactive and postmenopausal women who had completed primary t...

The economic growth has paralleled the rise of diabetes and its complications in multiethnic population of United Arab Emirates (UAE). Previous studies have shown that characteristics of diabetes is variable across different ethnicities. The objective of this study was to compare diabetes prevalence and risk factors between UAE nationals and different expatriate's ethnic groups in UAE using dat...