Publications
Now showing items 981-1000 of 4875 records
Association between frailty, delirium, and mortality in older critically ill patients: a binational registry study.
ANNALS OF INTENSIVE CARE - 17 Nov 2022
Frailty and delirium are prevalent among older adults admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and associated with adverse outcomes; however, their relationships have not been extensively explored. This study examined the association between frailty and mortality and length of hospital stay (LOS) in ICU patients, and whether the associations are mediated or modified by an episode of delirium.R...
Coffee and tea on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention.
TRENDS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE - 01 Oct 2022
Coffee and tea are amongst the most consumed beverages worldwide, and are the main source of caffeine in adults. In this review we present findings on the effects of habitual coffee and tea consumption on cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention. Mild-moderate coffee/ caffeine consumption, at 2-3 cups/day, is associated with beneficial effects on metabolic syndrome, including hypertension and di...
Kidney trajectory charts to assist general practitioners in the assessment of patients with reduced kidney function: a randomised vignette study.
BMJ EVIDENCE-BASED MEDICINE - 01 Oct 2022
To investigate the decisional impact of an age-based chart of kidney function decline to support general practitioners (GPs) to appropriately interpret estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and identify patients with a clinically relevant kidney problem.Randomised vignette study PARTICIPANTS: 372 Australian GPs from August 2018 to November 2018.GPs were given two patient case scenarios: (...
Association of Accelerometer-Measured Sedentary Accumulation Patterns With Incident Cardiovascular Disease, Cancer, and All-Cause Mortality.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION - 03 May 2022
Background Emerging evidence suggests accruing sedentary behavior (SB) in relatively more prolonged periods may convey additional cardiometabolic risks, but few studies have examined prospective outcomes. We examined the association of SB accumulation patterns with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and all-cause mortality (ACM). Methods and Results Data were from 7671 EPIC-Norfolk ...
Real-World Application of Insulin Pump Therapy Among Patients With Type 1 Diabetes in China: A Cross-Sectional Study.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY - 01 Jan 2022
Although insulin pump therapy is an important treatment modality for patients with type 1 diabetes, rates of pump use appear to vary broadly internationally. This study aimed to investigate the application of insulin pump therapy among patients with type 1 diabetes in China.Data were collected from the Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in China: Coverage, Costs and Care Study (3C Study). A total of 779 ...
Oral and intravenous glucose administration elicit opposing microvascular blood flow responses in skeletal muscle of healthy people: role of incretins.
THE JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY - 01 Apr 2022
Insulin infusion increases skeletal muscle microvascular blood flow (MBF) in healthy people but is impaired during insulin resistance. However, we have shown that eliciting insulin secretion via oral glucose loading in healthy people impairs muscle MBF, whilst others have demonstrated intravenous glucose infusion stimulates MBF. We aimed to show that the route of glucose administration (oral ve...
Early prediction of incident liver disease using conventional risk factors and gut-microbiome-augmented gradient boosting.
CELL METABOLISM - 03 May 2022
The gut microbiome has shown promise as a predictive biomarker for various diseases. However, the potential of gut microbiota for prospective risk prediction of liver disease has not been assessed. Here, we utilized shallow shotgun metagenomic sequencing of a large population-based cohort (N > 7,000) with ∼15 years of follow-up in combination with machine learning to investigate the predictive ...
Predictors and outcomes of in-hospital referrals for forensic investigation after young sudden cardiac death.
HEART RHYTHM - 01 Jun 2022
Forensic investigations are recommended following sudden cardiac death (SCD) to determine cause of death and identify living relatives at potential risk. Not all young SCD patients are referred to coronial services.The purpose of this study was to identify referral rates, predictors, and outcomes of young SCD patients who die in-hospital following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).A prospec...
Sympathetic and Vagal Nerve Activity in COPD: Pathophysiology, Presumed Determinants and Underappreciated Therapeutic Potential.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY - 01 Jan 2022
This article explains the comprehensive state of the art assessment of sympathetic (SNA) and vagal nerve activity recordings in humans and highlights the precise mechanisms mediating increased SNA and its corresponding presumed clinical determinants and therapeutic potential in the context of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). It is known that patients with COPD exhibit increased mus...
New Perspectives on Sex Steroid and Mineralocorticoid Receptor Signaling in Cardiac Ischemic Injury.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY - 01 Jan 2022
The global burden of ischemic heart disease is burgeoning for both men and women. Although advances have been made, the need for new sex-specific therapies targeting key differences in cardiovascular disease outcomes in men and women remains. Mineralocorticoid receptor directed treatments have been successfully used for blood pressure control and heart failure management and represent a potenti...
Central and peripheral sympathetic activation in heart failure.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH - 29 Jun 2022
The sympathetic nervous system overdrive occurring in heart failure has been reported for more than half a century. Refinements in the methodological approaches to assess human sympathetic neural function have allowed during recent years to better define various aspects related to the neuroadrenergic alteration. These include (i) the different participation of the individual regional sympatheti...
Activation of circulating platelets in vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia and its reversal by intravenous immunoglobulin.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY - 01 Jan 2022
The Cost-Effectiveness of Supplemental Carnosine in Type 2 Diabetes.
NUTRIENTS - 04 Jan 2022
In this paper, we assess the cost-effectiveness of 1 g daily of carnosine (an over the counter supplement) in addition to standard care for the management of type 2 diabetes and compare it to standard care alone. Dynamic multistate life table models were constructed in order to estimate both clinical outcomes and costs of Australians aged 18 years and above with and without type 2 diabetes over...
Sodium-Glucose Co-Transporter 2 (SGLT2) Inhibitor Dapagliflozin Stabilizes Diabetes-Induced Atherosclerotic Plaque Instability.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION - 04 Jan 2022
Background Diabetes is known to accelerate atherosclerosis and increase plaque instability. However, there has been a lack of suitable animal models to study the effect of diabetes on plaque instability. We hypothesized that the tandem stenosis mouse model, which reflects plaque instability/rupture as seen in patients, can be applied to study the effects of diabetes and respective therapeutics ...
Commentary: Polygenic risk for breast cancer: in search for potential clinical utility.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY - 06 Jan 2022
Interaction Testing and Polygenic Risk Scoring to Estimate the Association of Common Genetic Variants With Treatment Resistance in Schizophrenia.
JAMA PSYCHIATRY - 01 Mar 2022
About 20% to 30% of people with schizophrenia have psychotic symptoms that do not respond adequately to first-line antipsychotic treatment. This clinical presentation, chronic and highly disabling, is known as treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). The causes of treatment resistance and their relationships with causes underlying schizophrenia are largely unknown. Adequately powered genetic st...
Using compositional data analysis to explore accumulation of sedentary behavior, physical activity and youth health.
JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE - 01 Mar 2022
The study aimed to describe youth time-use compositions, focusing on time spent in shorter and longer bouts of sedentary behavior and physical activity (PA), and to examine associations of these time-use compositions with cardiometabolic biomarkers.Accelerometer and cardiometabolic biomarker data from 2 Australian studies involving youths 7-13 years old were pooled (complete cases with accelero...
Effect and feasibility of wearable physical activity trackers and pedometers for increasing physical activity and improving health outcomes in cancer survivors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE - 01 Mar 2022
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of wearable devices for improving physical activity and health-related outcomes in cancer survivors.CINAHL, Cochrane, Ebscohost, MEDLINE, Pubmed, ProQuest Health and Medical Complete, ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health Source, ScienceDirect, and SPORTDiscus databases were searched for randomized controlled trials published be...
Assessing the utility and efficacy of e-OSCE among undergraduate medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic.
BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION - 08 Mar 2022
The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and its quick progression to a global pandemic has urged medical schools to shift from didactic to distance learning and assessment approaches. The quality of clinical training and assessment have been jeopardized due to the regulatory restrictions and potential hazards to human lives. The aim of this paper is to evaluate the utility and effic...
Systematic evaluation of computational tools to predict the effects of mutations on protein stability in the absence of experimental structures.
BRIEFINGS IN BIOINFORMATICS - 10 Mar 2022
Changes in protein sequence can have dramatic effects on how proteins fold, their stability and dynamics. Over the last 20 years, pioneering methods have been developed to try to estimate the effects of missense mutations on protein stability, leveraging growing availability of protein 3D structures. These, however, have been developed and validated using experimentally derived structures and b...
