This population-based study sought to explore in detail the conditions driving the diversification in causes of death among people with diabetes.We linked Australians with type 1 or type 2 diabetes of all ages on the National Diabetes Services Scheme to the National Death Index for 2002-2019. We investigated the proportional contributions of different causes of death to total deaths over time a...

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most prevalent liver condition globally. The aim of this study was to evaluate the change in age- and sex-standardized prevalence of NAFLD in regional Victoria over a 15-year period and explore the underlying factors associated with differences over time.Repeated comparative cross-sectional studies in four towns in regional Victoria, Australia. I...

Polymorphic ventricular tachycardia (PMVT) is a highly lethal arrhythmia which is commonly caused by acute myocardial ischaemia. PMVT mediated by short-coupled ventricular ectopy patients with ischaemic heart disease but in the absence of acute ischaemia may relate to transient peri-infarct Purkinje fibre irritability and has been termed 'Angry Purkinje Syndrome'. We present a case series of th...

Background The use of mobile health (mHealth, wireless communication devices, and/or software technologies) in health care delivery has increased rapidly in recent years. Their integration into disease management programs (DMPs) has tremendous potential to improve outcomes for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD), yet a more robust evaluation of the evidence is required. Objectives The ...

This study examined the associations of objectively assessed physical features of the neighbourhood environment with physical and mental aspects of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) as measured by the SF-36, and the roles of physical activity and sedentary behaviour in these associations. We used data from a national sample of Australian mid-aged and older adults living in urban areas (N =...

The impact of atrial fibrillation (AF) catheter ablation on mental health outcomes is not well understood.To determine whether AF catheter ablation is associated with greater improvements in markers of psychological distress compared with medical therapy alone.The Randomized Evaluation of the Impact of Catheter Ablation on Psychological Distress in Atrial Fibrillation (REMEDIAL) study was a ran...

To examine the psychometric properties of the Diabetes Management Experiences Questionnaire (DME-Q). Adapted from the validated Glucose Monitoring Experiences Questionnaire, the DME-Q captures satisfaction with diabetes management irrespective of treatment modalities.The DME-Q was completed by adults with type 1 diabetes as part of a randomized controlled trial comparing hybrid closed loop (HCL...

To find the best-performing algorithms to distinguish type 1 and type 2 diabetes in administrative data.Embase and MEDLINE databases were searched from January 2000 until January 2023. Papers evaluating the performance of algorithms to define type 1 and type 2 diabetes by reporting diagnostic metrics against a range of reference standards were selected. Study quality was evaluated using the Qua...

Exercise capacity is a spectrum which reflects an individual's functional capacity and the dynamic nature of cardiac remodeling along with respiratory and skeletal muscle systems. The relationship between increasing physical activity, increased cardiac mass and volumes, and improved cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is well-established in the endurance athlete. However, less emphasis has been pla...

Cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) are evolutionary-conserved secretory organelles that, based on their molecular composition, are important intercellular signaling regulators. At least three classes of circulating EVs are known based on mechanism of biogenesis: exosomes (sEVs/Exos), microparticles (lEVs/MPs), and shed midbody remnants (lEVs/sMB-Rs). sEVs/Exos are of endosomal pathway or...

It is unclear whether detection and patient visualization of cardiovascular (CV) images using computed tomography to assess coronary artery calcium or carotid ultrasound (CU) to identify plaque and intima-medial thickness merely prompts prescription of lipid-lowering therapy or whether it motivates lifestyle change among patients.This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to investigate wh...

To conduct an Australian community-led survey of adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D), identifying priorities for, and barriers to, optimal use of advanced glucose management technologies.A 30-question online survey of current or past users of insulin pump therapy (IPT), real-time continuous glucose monitoring (RT-CGM), or intermittently scanned CGM (isCGM) explored perceptions regarding device de...

People with schizophrenia account for approximately 1.0% of the population and seem to experience increased rates of sudden cardiac death (SCD).This study sought to determine characteristics of increased SCD in people with schizophrenia.The End Unexplained Cardiac Death (EndUCD) prospective state-wide registry compared people aged 15 to 50 years with and without schizophrenia who experienced SC...

Patients with cardiovascular disease benefit from cardiac rehabilitation, which includes structured exercise and physical activity as core components. This position statement provides pragmatic, evidence-based guidance for the assessment and prescription of exercise and physical activity for cardiac rehabilitation clinicians, recognising the latest international guidelines, scientific evidence ...

Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC or 'long COVID') reflect ongoing symptoms, but these are non-specific and common in the wider community. Few reports of PASC have been compared with a control group.To compare symptoms and objective impairment of functional capacity in patients with previous COVID-19 infection with uninfected community controls.In this community-based, cross-sectional study...

Heart transplantation (HTP) is a life-saving therapy for select individuals with end-stage refractory heart failure. Despite improvements in quality of life and survival, HTP recipients' peak aerobic power (peak VO) remains up to 50% lower than age-matched healthy controls secondary to abnormal cardiovascular and skeletal muscle function. Currently, little is known regarding the effect of exerc...

Gut microbiome research has increased dramatically in the last decade, including in renal health and disease. The field is moving from experiments showing mere association to causation using both forward and reverse microbiome approaches, leveraging tools such as germ-free animals, treatment with antibiotics, and faecal microbiota transplantations. However, we are still seeing a gap between dis...