Publications
Now showing items 61-80 of 5153 records
Validation of serum non-invasive tests of liver fibrosis as prognostic markers of clinical outcomes in people with fatty liver disease in Australia.
24 Oct 2024
The validity of non-invasive tests (NITs) of liver fibrosis for the prediction of liver and mortality outcomes in an Australian cohort is unknown. We aimed to verify the utility of available NITs to predict overall and cause-specific mortality and major adverse liver outcome (MALO). This was an analysis from the Crossroads 1 clinic sub-study of a randomly sampled adult cohort from regional Aust...
Predictors in Youth of Adult Cardiovascular Events.
PEDIATRICS - 14 Oct 2024
Childhood risk factors are associated with cardiovascular events in adulthood. We compared the utility of a risk model based solely on nonlaboratory risk factors in adolescence versus a model that additionally included lipids to predict cardiovascular events in adulthood. The study comprised 11 550 participants from 7 longitudinal cohort studies in the United States, Australia, and Finland with...
Myocardial extracellular volume measurement using cardiac computed tomography.
THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING - 14 Oct 2024
Myocardial fibrosis is a common endpoint of many cardiac diseases and increasingly recognized as a predictor of heart failure, arrhythmia, and death. Recent studies have utilised cardiac computed tomography (CT) scans with delayed phase imaging to quantify diffuse fibrosis of the myocardium. CT extracellular volume (CT-ECV) measurement correlates well with CMR and histological myocardial fibros...
The mitral to aortic/pulmonary velocity-time integral ratio is a simple, feasible and accurate discriminator for echocardiographic evaluation of severe isolated mitral regurgitation.
THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING - 17 Oct 2024
Echocardiographic quantification of mitral regurgitation (MR) remains challenging, requiring dedicated image acquisition, and is limited by potential error from geometric assumptions of annular dimensions. Volume is a product of area and flow and assuming proportional mitral/aortic areas, an increased mitral-inflow volume compared to LV/RV-outflow semi-quantitatively represents greater MR regur...
Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9 Inhibitor Eligibility and Prescription Rates in Patients Presenting With Recurrent Acute Coronary Syndromes.
HEART, LUNG & CIRCULATION - 17 Oct 2024
Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors are novel medications for reducing low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels. In 2020, the Australian Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) began subsidising PCSK9 inhibitors for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in patients with LDL-C >2.6 mmol/L despite statin and ezetimibe therapy. This criterion was expand...
Urinary metabolomics provide insights into coronary artery disease in individuals with type 1 diabetes.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY - 26 Nov 2024
Type 1 diabetes increases the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). High-throughput metabolomics may be utilized to identify metabolites associated with disease, thus, providing insight into disease pathophysiology, and serving as predictive markers in clinical practice. Urine is less tightly regulated than blood, and therefore, may enable earlier discovery of disease-associated markers. We st...
Polygenic Prediction of Recurrent Events After Early-Onset Myocardial Infarction.
CIRCULATION. GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE - 29 Nov 2024
Myocardial infarction (MI) is a complex disease caused by both lifestyle and genetic factors. This study aims to investigate the predictive value of genetic risk, in addition to traditional cardiovascular risk factors, for recurrent events following early-onset MI. The Italian Genetic Study of Early-Onset Myocardial Infarction is a cohort study enrolling patients with MI before 45 years. Monoge...
Bioavailable testosterone and androgen receptor activation, but not total testosterone, are associated with muscle mass and strength in females.
THE JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY - 11 Oct 2024
Testosterone, the major androgen, influences the reproductive and non-reproductive systems in males and females via binding to the androgen receptor (AR). Both circulating endogenous testosterone and muscle AR protein content are positively associated with muscle mass and strength in males, but there is no such evidence in females. Here, we tested whether circulating testosterone levels were as...
Epigenomic biomarkers of cardiometabolic disease: How far are we from daily practice?
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY - 07 Nov 2024
Determining whether someone has cardiometabolic disease (CMD), especially in the early stages, can be complicated. Risk stratification ordinarily depends on an extended process relying on medical history that typically considers blood pressure, cholesterol, smoking and diabetes status. Physicians have long relied on these key patient characteristics to assess CMD risk. However, these widely use...
Obesity Associated Reproductive and Sexual Syndrome(OARS) in Men.
JPMA. THE JOURNAL OF THE PAKISTAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION - 01 Nov 2024
Obesity, which has emerged as a major global public health challenge, is associated with myriad medical and multisystemic complications. Obesity impacts the male reproductive and sexual function in multiple ways as well. However, perhaps because of the focus on cardiovascular and metabolic health, the gonadal aspects of obesity medicine have not been given due attention. We propose the term OAR...
Somnometabolic Syndrome Revisited.
JPMA. THE JOURNAL OF THE PAKISTAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION - 01 Nov 2024
The term somnometabolic syndrome has been used to describe a condition where obstructive sleep apnoea coexists with one or more components of metabolic syndrome. We propose a wider definition, stating that somnometabolic syndrome refers to the multifaceted, bidirectional relationship between sleep and metabolic health, including vascular health. This also includes the association of sleep with ...
Physio-Friendly Remission-Facilitating Pharmacotherapy (PRP) in Type 2 Diabetes.
JPMA. THE JOURNAL OF THE PAKISTAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION - 01 Nov 2024
This brief communication describes the concept of physiofriendly pharmacotherapy for type 2 diabetes mellitus. Physio-friendly therapy is defined as that which restores metabolic, including glycaemic and weight homoeostasis, to near normal levels. Drugs such as glucagon like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA), sodium glucose cotransporter- 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), and alfa glucosidase inhibitor...
Lipoxin A<sub>4</sub> improves cardiac remodeling and function in diabetes-associated cardiac dysfunction.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY - 20 Nov 2024
Diabetic heart disease may eventually lead to heart failure, a leading cause of mortality in diabetic individuals. The lack of effective treatments for diabetes-induced heart failure may result from a failure to address the underlying pathological processes, including chronic, low-grade inflammation. Previous studies have reported that lipoxin A<sub>4</sub> (LXA<sub>4</sub>), known to promote r...
Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level Distributions Across Different Ages: Implications for Screening Children for Severe and Familial Hypercholesterolemia.
CIRCULATION - 19 Nov 2024
Low breast density is associated with epicardial adipose tissue volume and coronary artery disease.
CLINICAL IMAGING - 17 Nov 2024
Epicardial adipose tissue volume (EATv), is well correlated with coronary artery disease (CAD), however not reported clinically. Breast density, measured on mammography, has shown promise as a reflector of cardiometabolic risk, with less dense breasts indicating greater proportion of adipose tissue. We aimed to evaluate the association between breast density, EATv and CAD. Retrospective, cross-...
Physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions for people living with both frailty and multiple long-term conditions and their informal carers: a scoping review and stakeholder consultation.
AGE AND AGEING - 04 Nov 2024
This scoping review mapped evidence on physical activity (including structured exercise) and sedentary behaviour interventions (interventions to reduce sedentary behaviour) in people living with both frailty and multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs) and their informal carers. Ten databases and grey literature were searched from 2000 to October 2023. Two reviewers screened studies and one extrac...
Cardiac structural, functional and energetic assessments during and after pregnancy in women with gestational diabetes mellitus, preeclampsia and healthy pregnancy.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY - 22 Nov 2024
GDM and preeclampsia are common complications of pregnancy, for which overweight/obesity is a common risk factor. Both conditions are associated with a two-to-four-fold increase in future incident heart failure, which may be linked to early maladaptive myocardial changes. To determine maternal myocardial structural, functional, and energetic responses to pregnancies complicated by gestational d...
Worldwide trends in diabetes prevalence and treatment from 1990 to 2022: a pooled analysis of 1108 population-representative studies with 141 million participants.
LANCET (LONDON, ENGLAND) - 23 Nov 2024
Diabetes can be detected at the primary health-care level, and effective treatments lower the risk of complications. There are insufficient data on the coverage of treatment for diabetes and how it has changed. We estimated trends from 1990 to 2022 in diabetes prevalence and treatment for 200 countries and territories. We used data from 1108 population-representative studies with 141 million pa...
Decreased endogenous nitric oxide production in acute decompensated heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction.
ESC HEART FAILURE - 01 Mar 2025
Heart failure represents a substantial burden to both patients and healthcare systems worldwide. Nitric oxide (NO) dysregulation may play a key role in patients transitioning from chronic to acute heart failure with a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Plasma nitrite (NO<sub>2</sub> <sup>-</sup>) is highly reflective of local nitric oxide production and has not been studied in acute HFrEF. This...
Early versus deferred coronary angiography following cardiac arrest. A systematic review and meta-analysis.
RESUSCITATION PLUS - 01 Jun 2023
The role of early coronary angiography (CAG) in the evaluation of patients presenting with out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) and no ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STE) pattern on electrocardiogram (ECG) has been subject to considerable debate. We sought to assess the impact of early versus deferred CAG on mortality and neurological outcomes in patients with OHCA and no STE. OVID MEDLIN...
