Publications
Now showing items 61-80 of 5325 records
Associations of alcohol with the human gut microbiome and prospective health outcomes in the FINRISK 2002 cohort.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION - 11 Apr 2025
Alcohol remains a global risk factor for non-communicable diseases with the gut microbiome emerging as a novel elucidator. We investigated how gut microbiome associates with alcohol on population level, if there is mediation reflected in health outcomes, and how functional potential is related. Our sample consisted of 4575 shallow-shotgun sequenced fecal samples from the FINRISK 2002 cohort (25...
Identifying episodes of care in hospital admissions data for measures of disease burden: A tutorial and protocol for individual-level data analysis.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL INFORMATICS - 19 Mar 2025
We are not aware of any comprehensive, publicly available, standardised protocol or syntax for the processing of hospital admissions data for individual-level analysis. Failure to appropriately process and analyse data in a standardised manner could lead to misestimation of event rates, inconsistency between studies, and incorrect findings informing clinical practice and health policy. To devel...
Oncogenic small extracellular vesicles enriched in sphingosine-1-phosphate play a crucial role in pancreatic cancer progression.
CELLULAR SIGNALLING - 28 Mar 2025
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from tumour cells mediate intercellular communication and signalling to regulate the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). While we and others have shown that PDAC-derived sEVs comprise oncogenic protein and nucleic acid cargo, understanding the lipid landscape of these sEVs remains unknown. Lipids influence both the composition of sEVs and ...
Global Effect of Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Lifetime Estimates.
THE NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE - 30 Mar 2025
Five risk factors account for approximately 50% of the global burden of cardiovascular disease. How the presence or absence of classic risk factors affects lifetime estimates of cardiovascular disease and death from any cause remains unclear. We harmonized individual-level data from 2,078,948 participants across 133 cohorts, 39 countries, and 6 continents. Lifetime risk of cardiovascular diseas...
Kaat koort: Study protocol for a pragmatic randomized controlled trial of a multifactorial, multidisciplinary Aboriginal Health Practitioner-led Aboriginal dementia prevention intervention.
CONTEMPORARY CLINICAL TRIALS COMMUNICATIONS - 01 Apr 2025
Limited available data indicate that dementia prevalence rates among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander (hereafter Aboriginal) peoples are 3-5 times higher than the overall Australian population. Effective, pragmatic and scalable interventions are urgently required to address this disproportionate burden of dementia in Aboriginal populations. Kaat Koort is a pragmatic two-arm parallel-group ...
Redefining Macrophage Heterogeneity in Atherosclerosis: A Focus on Possible Therapeutic Implications.
COMPREHENSIVE PHYSIOLOGY - 01 Apr 2025
Atherosclerosis is a lipid disorder where modified lipids (especially oxidized LDL) induce macrophage foam cell formation in the aorta. Its pathogenesis involves a continuum of persistent inflammation accompanied by dysregulated anti-inflammatory responses. Changes in the immune cell status due to differences in the lesional microenvironment are crucial in terms of plaque development, its progr...
Care provided to women during and after a pregnancy complicated by hyperglycaemia: the impacts of a multi-component health systems intervention.
THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC - 01 Apr 2025
Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women experience a disproportionate burden of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy. A multi-component health systems intervention aiming to improve antenatal and postpartum care was implemented across Australia's Northern Territory (NT) and Far North Queensland (FNQ) between 2016 and 2019. Components included clinician education, improving recall systems, enhancing ...
Plant-based diets and health outcomes in Australia and New Zealand.
THE PROCEEDINGS OF THE NUTRITION SOCIETY - 02 Apr 2025
There is mounting interest in the dual health and environmental benefits of plant-based diets. Such diets prioritise whole foods of plant origin and moderate (though occasionally exclude) animal-sourced foods. However, the evidence base on plant-based diets and health outcomes in Australasia is limited and diverse, making it unsuitable for systematic review. This review aimed to assess the curr...
Comparison of Serum Creatinine- and Cystatin C-Based eGFR at Baseline and Their Prediction of Incident Moderate Albuminuria in Individuals With Type 1 Diabetes.
DIABETES CARE - 02 Apr 2025
To assess the concordance between serum creatinine (SCr)- and serum cystatin C (SCysC)-based estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in individuals with type 1 diabetes (T1D) at different stages of albuminuria; identify the factors associated with the discordance; and study the association of SCysC, eGFR of creatinine (eGFRcr), and eGFR of cystatin C (eGFRcys) with incident moderate albumin...
Metabolic reaction fluxes as amplifiers and buffers of risk alleles for coronary artery disease.
MOLECULAR SYSTEMS BIOLOGY - 02 Apr 2025
Genome-wide association studies have identified thousands of variants associated with disease risk but the mechanism by which such variants contribute to disease remains largely unknown. Indeed, a major challenge is that variants do not act in isolation but rather in the framework of highly complex biological networks, such as the human metabolic network, which can amplify or buffer the effect ...
Rising rates of hospitalization for dementia in people with type 2 diabetes and the general population in Australia.
JOURNAL OF ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE : JAD - 04 Apr 2025
BackgroundFew recent studies have examined the trends in dementia hospitalization in high-income countries.ObjectiveTo estimate the trends in hospitalization for dementia in people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and the general population in Australia using linked, national databases.MethodsAustralians with T2DM and registered on the National Diabetes Services Scheme (n = 438,264), and the general...
miR-214 and its primary transcript Dnm3os regulate fibrosis and inflammation through RAGE signalling in diabetic kidney disease.
DIABETES - 04 Apr 2025
Pathological signaling via the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) is critical in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) development, while RAGE deletion is reno-protective. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), including microRNAs (miRs), also play key roles in DKD, including renal fibrosis. However, the involvement of ncRNAs in RAGE signaling remains unclear. This study investigated the regulation...
Proximity proteomics reveals a mechanism of fatty acid transfer at lipid droplet-mitochondria- endoplasmic reticulum contact sites.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS - 03 Mar 2025
Membrane contact sites between organelles are critical for the transfer of biomolecules. Lipid droplets store fatty acids and form contacts with mitochondria, which regulate fatty acid oxidation and adenosine triphosphate production. Protein compartmentalization at lipid droplet-mitochondria contact sites and their effects on biological processes are poorly described. Using proximity-dependent ...
How Blood Pressure Tracks-Salty and Secondary Causes-Reply.
JAMA PEDIATRICS - 03 Mar 2025
Identification of plasma proteomic markers underlying polygenic risk of type 2 diabetes and related comorbidities.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS - 03 Mar 2025
Genomics can provide insight into the etiology of type 2 diabetes and its comorbidities, but assigning functionality to non-coding variants remains challenging. Polygenic scores, which aggregate variant effects, can uncover mechanisms when paired with molecular data. Here, we test polygenic scores for type 2 diabetes and cardiometabolic comorbidities for associations with 2,922 circulating prot...
A Developmental Gene Expression Atlas Reveals Novel Biological Basis of Complex Phenotypes in Sheep.
GENOMICS, PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS - 04 Mar 2025
Sheep (Ovis aries) represents one of the most important livestock species for animal protein and wool production worldwide. However, little is known about the genetic and biological basis of ovine phenotypes, particularly for those of high economic value and environmental impact. Here, by integrating 1413 RNA-seq samples from 51 distinct tissues across 14 developmental time points, representing...
Current and Future Cost Burden of Myocardial Infarction in Australia: Dynamic Multistate Markov Model.
JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE - 04 Mar 2025
Myocardial infarction (MI) imposes a significant health burden to the Australian population. However, detailed economic implication of MI on the Australian healthcare system has not been exhaustively explored. To estimate the current chronic management cost and project the future healthcare cost burden of MI, from the Australian healthcare system perspective. A generalized linear model with a g...
Scaling up structured lifestyle interventions to improve the management of cardiometabolic diseases in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review of strategies, methods and outcomes.
BMJ PUBLIC HEALTH - 01 Jan 2025
Cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs), the leading causes of death in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs), are proven to be mitigated through structured lifestyle interventions (SLIs-dietary changes, physical activity, tobacco cessation and alcohol intake), but the challenge lies in scaling them up in LMICs. Therefore, we undertook a systematic review to identify the strategies, methods an...
Effects of Combining Coronary Calcium Score With Treatment on Plaque Progression in Familial Coronary Artery Disease: A Randomized Clinical Trial.
JAMA - 05 Mar 2025
Coronary artery calcium (CAC) scoring provides prognostic information, especially in patients at intermediate risk for coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the benefit of combining CAC score with a primary prevention strategy has not been tested in a randomized trial. To assess whether combining the CAC score with a prevention strategy can be used to limit plaque progression in intermediate-...
The association of childhood HDL cholesterol with atherosclerotic CVD events in adults: findings from the International Childhood Cardiovascular Cohort Consortium.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE CARDIOLOGY - 05 Mar 2025
The role of adult HDL-C in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) faces challenges from Mendelian randomisations and drug trials. However, the association between childhood HDL-C and its changes and adult ASCVD remains undefined. This study aimed to determine this association. Participants: Children in the International Childhood Cardiovascular Cohort (i3C) Consortium with childhood HDL...
