Publications
Now showing items 4741-4760 of 5385 records
Lack of the antioxidant glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx1) exacerbates retinopathy of prematurity in mice
INVEST OPHTHALMOL VIS SCI - 17 Jan 2013
PURPOSE: Glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx1) is highly expressed during normal retinal maturation; however, its role in retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is not fully understood. We postulated that GPx1 plays an important role in protecting the premature retina from oxidative injury in a mouse model of ROP.
METHODS: ROP was induced in wild-type (WT) and GPx1 knockout (KO) mice by exposing neonatal ...
Trefoil factor-2 reverses airway remodeling changes in allergic airways disease
AM J RESPIR CELL MOL BIOL - 01 Jan 2013
Trefoil factor 2 (TFF2) is a small peptide with an important role in mucosal repair. TFF2 is up-regulated in asthma, suggesting a role in asthma pathogenesis. Given its known biological role in promoting epithelial repair, TFF2 might be expected to exert a protective function in limiting the progression of airway remodeling in asthma. The contribution of TFF2 to airway remodeling in asthma was ...
The effect of treatment of obstructive sleep apnea on glycemic control in type 2 diabetes
AM J RESPIR CRIT CARE MED - 15 Aug 2016
RATIONALE:
There is uncertainty about the effects of treating obstructive sleep apnea on glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes.
OBJECTIVES:
To determine whether treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in patients with type 2 diabetes improves glycemic control.
METHODS:
In this trial, we randomized patients with type 2 diabetes and no previous diagnosis of obstructive sleep a...
Different risk factor profiles for ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke in type 1 diabetes mellitus
STROKE - 01 Sep 2014
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:
Despite the fact that patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus have a markedly increased risk of experiencing a stroke, independent risk factors for stroke and its subtypes in these patients have remained unclear.
METHODS:
A total of 4083 patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus from the Finnish Diabetic Nephropathy (FinnDiane) Study, without a history of stroke at baseli...
Experimental and human evidence for lipocalin-2 (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin [NGAL]) in the development of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure
J AM HEART ASSOC - 09 Nov 2017
BACKGROUND:
Cardiac hypertrophy increases the risk of developing heart failure and cardiovascular death. The neutrophil inflammatory protein, lipocalin-2 (LCN2/NGAL), is elevated in certain forms of cardiac hypertrophy and acute heart failure. However, a specific role for LCN2 in predisposition and etiology of hypertrophy and the relevant genetic determinants are unclear. Here, we defined th...
Hemodynamic profile of patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction vary by age
J AM HEART ASSOC - 22 Sep 2017
BACKGROUND:
Patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) exhibit a range of cardiovascular phenotypic profiles modified by several common comorbidities. In particular, patients with HFpEF tend to be older; however, it is unclear whether the effects of cardiovascular aging per se modify the expression of HFpEF. We therefore sought to investigate the interaction between a...
Novel thrombolytic drug based on thrombin cleavable microplasminogen coupled to a single-chain antibody specific for activated GPIIb/IIIa
J AM HEART ASSOC - 03 Feb 2017
BACKGROUND:
Thrombolytic therapy for acute thrombosis is limited by life-threatening side effects such as major bleeding and neurotoxicity. New treatment options with enhanced fibrinolytic potential are therefore required. Here, we report the development of a new thrombolytic molecule that exploits key features of thrombosis. We designed a recombinant microplasminogen modified to be activate...
Echocardiographic screening for rheumatic heart disease in indigenous Australian children: a cost-utility analysis
J AM HEART ASSOC - 02 Mar 2017
BACKGROUND:
Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) remains a leading cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in children and young adults in disadvantaged populations. The emergence of echocardiographic screening provides the opportunity for early disease detection and intervention. Using our own multistate model of RHD progression derived from Australian RHD register data, we performed a cos...
Toll-like receptor (TLR)4 and MyD88 are essential for atheroprotection by peritoneal B1a B cells
J AM HEART ASSOC - 14 Nov 2016
BACKGROUND:
We previously identified peritoneal B1a cells that secrete natural IgM as a key atheroprotective B cell subset. However, the molecules that activate atheroprotective B1a cells are unknown. Here, we investigated whether Toll-like receptors (TLRs) TLR2, TLR4, and TLR9 expressed by B1a cells are required for IgM-mediated atheroprotection.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
We adoptively trans...
Impaired myocardial oxygen availability contributes to abnormal exercise hemodynamics in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction
J AM HEART ASSOC - 02 Dec 2014
BACKGROUND:
Hypertension is a frequent risk factor for the development of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFPEF). Progressive extracellular matrix accumulation has been presumed to be the fundamental pathophysiologic mechanism that leads to the transition to impaired diastolic reserve. However, the contribution of other mechanisms affecting active and passive components of di...
Changes in lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 activity predict coronary events and partly account for the treatment effect of pravastatin: results from the Long-term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischemic Disease study
J AM HEART ASSOC - 23 Oct 2013
BACKGROUND:
Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) levels are associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) in healthy individuals and in patients who have had ischemic events.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
The Long-term Intervention with Pravastatin in Ischemic Disease (LIPID) study randomized 9014 patients with cholesterol levels of 4.0 to 7.0 mmol/L to placebo or pravastatin 3 to 36 mont...
Associations between fibrocytes and postcontrast myocardial T1 times in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
J AM HEART ASSOC - 14 Oct 2013
BACKGROUND:
Fibrocytes are bone marrow-derived mesenchymal progenitors that have been linked to various fibrotic disorders. This study was undertaken to investigate whether fibrocytes are increased in diffuse myocardial fibrosis in humans.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Thirty-seven patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and 20 healthy controls were recruited. Cardiac magnetic resonance imagi...
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor for the early prediction of infarct size
J AM HEART ASSOC - 04 Oct 2013
BACKGROUND:
Early diagnosis and knowledge of infarct size is critical for the management of acute myocardial infarction (MI). We evaluated whether early elevated plasma level of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is useful for these purposes in patients with ST-elevation MI (STEMI).
METHODS AND RESULTS:
We first studied MIF level in plasma and the myocardium in mice and determined ...
Trends from 1996 to 2007 in incidence and mortality outcomes of heart failure after acute myocardial infarction: a population-based study of 20,812 patients with first acute myocardial infarction in Western Australia
J AM HEART ASSOC - 08 Oct 2013
BACKGROUND:
Advances in treatment for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) are likely to have had a beneficial impact on the incidence of and deaths attributable to heart failure (HF) complicating AMI, although limited data are available to support this contention.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Western Australian linked administrative health data were used to identify 20 812 consecutive patients, aged 4...
Renal denervation reduces monocyte activation and monocyte-platelet aggregate formation: an anti-inflammatory effect relevant for cardiovascular risk
HYPERTENSION - 01 Feb 2017
Overactivation of renal sympathetic nervous system and low-grade systemic inflammation are common features of hypertension. Renal denervation (RDN) reduces sympathetic activity in patients with resistant hypertension. However, its effect on systemic inflammation has not been examined. We prospectively investigated the effect of RDN on monocyte activation and inflammation in patients with uncont...
Origin of aberrant blood pressure and sympathetic regulation in diet-induced obesity
HYPERTENSION - 01 Aug 2016
High fat diet (HFD)-induced hypertension in rabbits is neurogenic and caused by the central action of leptin, which is thought to be dependent on activation of α-melanocortin-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) and neuropeptide Y-positive neurons projecting to the dorsomedial hypothalamus (DMH) and ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH). However, leptin may act directly in these nuclei. Here, we assessed the ...
Contribution of orexin to the neurogenic hypertension in BPH/2J mice
HYPERTENSION - 01 May 2016
BPH/2J mice are a genetic model of hypertension associated with an overactive sympathetic nervous system. Orexin is a neuropeptide which influences sympathetic activity and blood pressure. Orexin precursor mRNA expression is greater in hypothalamic tissue of BPH/2J compared with normotensive BPN/3J mice. To determine whether enhanced orexinergic signaling contributes to the hypertension, BPH/2J...
Obligatory role for B cells in the development of angiotensin II-dependent hypertension
HYPERTENSION - 01 Nov 2015
Clinical hypertension is associated with raised serum IgG antibodies. However, whether antibodies are causative agents in hypertension remains unknown. We investigated whether hypertension in mice is associated with B-cell activation and IgG production and moreover whether B-cell/IgG deficiency affords protection against hypertension and vascular remodeling. Angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion (0....
AT2R agonist, compound 21, is reno-protective against type 1 diabetic nephropathy
HYPERTENSION - 01 May 2015
The hemodynamic and nonhemodynamic effects of angiotensin II on diabetic complications are considered to be primarily mediated by the angiotensin II type 1 receptor subtype. However, its biological and functional effect mediated through the angiotensin II type 2 receptor subtype is still unclear. Activation of the angiotensin II type 2 receptors has been postulated to oppose angiotensin II type...
Central aortic reservoir-wave analysis improves prediction of cardiovascular events in elderly hypertensives
HYPERTENSION - 01 Mar 2015
Several morphological parameters based on the central aortic pressure waveform are proposed as cardiovascular risk markers, yet no study has definitively demonstrated the incremental value of any waveform parameter in addition to currently accepted biomarkers in elderly, hypertensive patients. The reservoir-wave concept combines elements of wave transmission and Windkessel models of arterial pr...
