Publications
Now showing items 3441-3460 of 5702 records
Acute effects of active breaks during prolonged sitting on subcutaneous adipose tissue gene expression: an ancillary analysis of a randomised controlled trial.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS - 07 Mar 2019
Active breaks in prolonged sitting has beneficial impacts on cardiometabolic risk biomarkers. The molecular mechanisms include regulation of skeletal muscle gene and protein expression controlling metabolic, inflammatory and cell development pathways. An active communication network exists between adipose and muscle tissue, but the effect of active breaks in prolonged sitting on adipose tissue ...
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor plays an essential role in ischemic preconditioning-mediated cardioprotection.
CLINICAL SCIENCE (LONDON, ENGLAND : 1979) - 15 Mar 2019
Ischemic preconditioning (IPC) is an endogenous protection strategy against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) released from the myocardium subjected to brief periods of ischemia confers cardioprotection. We hypothesized that MIF plays an essential role in IPC-induced cardioprotection. I/R was induced either or in male wild-type (WT) and...
Genetic and environmental perturbations lead to regulatory decoherence.
ELIFE - 05 Mar 2019
Correlation among traits is a fundamental feature of biological systems that remains difficult to study. To address this problem, we developed a flexible approach that allows us to identify factors associated with inter-individual variation in correlation. We use data from three human cohorts to study the effects of genetic and environmental variation on correlations among mRNA transcripts and ...
Modulation of the Gut Microbiota by Resistant Starch as a Treatment of Chronic Kidney Diseases: Evidence of Efficacy and Mechanistic Insights.
ADVANCES IN NUTRITION (BETHESDA, MD.) - 01 Mar 2019
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has been associated with changes in gut microbial ecology, or "dysbiosis," which may contribute to disease progression. Recent studies have focused on dietary approaches to favorably alter the composition of the gut microbial communities as a treatment method in CKD. Resistant starch (RS), a prebiotic that promotes proliferation of gut bacteria such as Bifidobacteri...
A physiological drop in pH decreases mitochondrial respiration, and HDAC and Akt signaling, in L6 myocytes.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY. CELL PHYSIOLOGY - 01 Mar 2019
Exercise stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis and increases mitochondrial respiratory function and content. However, during high-intensity exercise muscle pH can decrease below pH 6.8 with a concomitant increase in lactate concentration. This drop in muscle pH is associated with reduced exercise-induced mitochondrial biogenesis, while increased lactate may act as a signaling molecule to affect m...
Role of type 2A phosphatase regulatory subunit B56α in regulating cardiac responses to β-adrenergic stimulation in vivo.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH - 01 Mar 2019
B56α is a protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) regulatory subunit that is highly expressed in the heart. We previously reported that cardiomyocyte B56α localizes to myofilaments under resting conditions and translocates to the cytosol in response to acute β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) stimulation. Given the importance of reversible protein phosphorylation in modulating cardiac function during sympathet...
Brown adipose tissue thermogenesis in polycystic ovary syndrome.
CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY - 01 Mar 2019
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with increased obesity with a greater propensity to weight gain and a lack of sustainable lifestyle interventions. Altered brown adipose tissue (BAT) thermogenesis is a potential contributor to obesity in PCOS. BAT activity and modulation have not been studied in PCOS. This observational study explored BAT thermogenesis and its associations in wome...
The gut microbiota and blood pressure in experimental models.
CURRENT OPINION IN NEPHROLOGY AND HYPERTENSION - 01 Mar 2019
To summarize evidence supporting that microorganisms colonizing our gastrointestinal tract, collectively known as the gut microbiota, are implicated in the development and maintenance of hypertension in experimental models.The use of gnotobiotic (germ-free) mice has been essential for advancement in this area: they develop higher blood pressure (BP) if they receive faecal transplants from hyper...
Does increased 24-h ambulatory heart rate identify de facto neurogenic hypertension, and facilitate selection of hypertensive patients for renal denervation?
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL - 01 Mar 2019
Towards better definition, quantification and treatment of fibrosis in heart failure. A scientific roadmap by the Committee of Translational Research of the Heart Failure Association (HFA) of the European Society of Cardiology.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF HEART FAILURE - 01 Mar 2019
Fibrosis is a pivotal player in heart failure development and progression. Measurements of (markers of) fibrosis in tissue and blood may help to diagnose and risk stratify patients with heart failure, and its treatment may be effective in preventing heart failure and its progression. A lack of pathophysiological insights and uniform definitions has hampered the research in fibrosis and heart fa...
Sustained Decrease in Blood Pressure and Reduced Anatomical and Functional Reinnervation of Renal Nerves in Hypertensive Sheep 30 Months After Catheter-Based Renal Denervation.
HYPERTENSION (DALLAS, TEX. : 1979) - 01 Mar 2019
We examined whether renal denervation (RDN) reduced blood pressure (BP), improved glomerular filtration rate, albuminuria, and left ventricular mass in sheep with hypertensive chronic kidney disease (CKD). To examine whether renal nerve function returned in the long term, we examined vascular contraction to nerve stimulation in renal arteries and determined nerve regrowth by assessing renal TH ...
Multiple receptors converge on H2-Q10 to regulate NK and γδT-cell development.
IMMUNOLOGY AND CELL BIOLOGY - 01 Mar 2019
Class Ib major histocompatibility complex (MHC) is an extended family of molecules, which demonstrate tissue-specific expression and presentation of monomorphic antigens. These characteristics tend to imbue class Ib MHC with unique functions. H2-Q10 is potentially one such molecule that is overexpressed in the liver but its immunological function is not known. We have previously shown that H2-Q...
Sex Differences in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction Pathophysiology: A Detailed Invasive Hemodynamic and Echocardiographic Analysis.
JACC. HEART FAILURE - 01 Mar 2019
This study sought to identify sex differences in central and peripheral factors that contribute to the pathophysiology of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) by using complementary invasive hemodynamic and echocardiographic approaches.Women are overrepresented among patients with HFpEF, and there are established sex differences in myocardial structure and function. Exercise i...
The burden of pancreatic cancer in Australia attributable to smoking.
THE MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA - 01 Mar 2019
To estimate the burden of pancreatic cancer in Australia attributable to modifiable exposures, particularly smoking.Prospective pooled cohort study.Seven prospective Australian study cohorts (total sample size, 365 084 adults); participant data linked to national registries to identify cases of pancreatic cancer and deaths.Associations between exposures and incidence of pancreatic cancer, estim...
External validation and comparison of four cardiovascular risk prediction models with data from the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle study.
THE MEDICAL JOURNAL OF AUSTRALIA - 01 Mar 2019
To evaluate the performance of the 2013 Pooled Cohort Risk Equation (PCE-ASCVD) for predicting cardiovascular disease (CVD) in an Australian population; to compare this performance with that of three frequently used Framingham-based CVD risk prediction models.Prospective national population-based cohort study.42 randomly selected urban and non-urban areas in six Australian states and the Northe...
Physical Activity, Television Viewing Time, and DNA Methylation in Peripheral Blood.
MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE - 01 Mar 2019
Physical activity may affect health via DNA methylation. The epigenetic influences of sedentary behaviors such as television viewing are unknown. We performed a genomewide study of DNA methylation in peripheral blood in relation to physical activity and television viewing time.DNA methylation was measured using the Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450K BeadChip array in blood samples collected...
An integrative systems genetic analysis of mammalian lipid metabolism.
NATURE - 01 Mar 2019
Dysregulation of lipid homeostasis is a precipitating event in the pathogenesis and progression of hepatosteatosis and metabolic syndrome. These conditions are highly prevalent in developed societies and currently have limited options for diagnostic and therapeutic intervention. Here, using a proteomic and lipidomic-wide systems genetic approach, we interrogated lipid regulatory networks in 107...
Cost-effectiveness of first-line versus delayed use of combination dapagliflozin and metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS - 01 Mar 2019
The present study sought to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of first-line (immediate) versus delayed use of combination dapagliflozin and metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes, from the perspective of the Australian healthcare system. We developed a Markov model to simulate the progress of subjects with type 2 diabetes. Decision analysis was applied to assess the cost-effectiveness of firs...
Metabolic control and sex: A focus on inflammatory-linked mediators.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY - 28 Feb 2019
Men and women have many differing biological and physiological characteristics. Thus, it is no surprise that the control of metabolic processes and the mechanisms underlying metabolic-related diseases have sex-specific components. There is a clear metabolic sexual dimorphism in that up until midlife, men have a far greater likelihood of acquiring cardio-metabolic disease than women. Following m...
The preventable burden of breast cancers for premenopausal and postmenopausal women in Australia: A pooled cohort study.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER - 25 Feb 2019
Estimates of the future breast cancer burden preventable through modifications to current behaviours are lacking. We assessed the effect of individual and joint behaviour modifications on breast cancer burden for premenopausal and postmenopausal Australian women, and whether effects differed between population subgroups. We linked pooled data from six Australian cohort studies (n = 214,536) to ...
