Publications
Now showing items 3281-3300 of 5702 records
Targeting a ceramide double bond improves insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis.
SCIENCE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) - 26 Jul 2019
Ceramides contribute to the lipotoxicity that underlies diabetes, hepatic steatosis, and heart disease. By genetically engineering mice, we deleted the enzyme dihydroceramide desaturase 1 (DES1), which normally inserts a conserved double bond into the backbone of ceramides and other predominant sphingolipids. Ablation of DES1 from whole animals or tissue-specific deletion in the liver and/or ad...
Exosomes containing HIV protein Nef reorganize lipid rafts potentiating inflammatory response in bystander cells.
PLOS PATHOGENS - 01 Jul 2019
HIV infection has a profound effect on "bystander" cells causing metabolic co-morbidities. This may be mediated by exosomes secreted by HIV-infected cells and containing viral factors. Here we show that exosomes containing HIV-1 protein Nef (exNef) are rapidly taken up by macrophages releasing Nef into the cell interior. This caused down-regulation of ABCA1, reduction of cholesterol efflux and ...
A Retrospective Evaluation of Risk of Peripartum Cardiac Dysfunction in Survivors of Childhood, Adolescent and Young Adult Malignancies.
CANCERS - 24 Jul 2019
Long-term survivors of childhood, adolescent and young adult (AYA) malignancies with past exposure to potentially cardiotoxic treatments are at risk of peripartum cardiac dysfunction. Incidence and risk factors for peripartum cardiac dysfunction and maternal cardiac outcomes in this population were investigated. Eligible long-term survivors were aged <30 years at cancer diagnosis, with ≥1 pregn...
Muscle specific kinase protects dystrophic mdx mouse muscles from eccentric contraction-induced loss of force-producing capacity.
THE JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY - 24 Jul 2019
Adeno-associated viral vector was used to elevate the expression of muscle specific kinase (MuSK) and rapsyn (a cytoplasmic MuSK effector protein) in the tibialis anterior muscle of wild-type and dystrophic (mdx) mice. In mdx mice, enhanced expression of either MuSK or rapsyn ameliorated the acute loss of muscle force associated with strain injury. Increases in sarcolemmal immunolabelling for u...
Novel Role for the AnxA1-Fpr2/ALX Signaling Axis as a Key Regulator of Platelet Function to Promote Resolution of Inflammation.
CIRCULATION - 23 Jul 2019
Ischemia reperfusion injury (I/RI) is a common complication of cardiovascular diseases. Resolution of detrimental I/RI-generated prothrombotic and proinflammatory responses is essential to restore homeostasis. Platelets play a crucial part in the integration of thrombosis and inflammation. Their role as participants in the resolution of thromboinflammation is underappreciated; therefore we used...
Activin A-induced cachectic wasting is attenuated by systemic delivery of its cognate propeptide in male mice.
ENDOCRINOLOGY - 19 Jul 2019
In cancer, elevated activin levels promote cachectic wasting of muscle, irrespective of tumour progression. In excess, activins A and B utilise the myostatin signalling pathway in muscle, triggering a decrease in protein synthesis and an increase in protein degradation, which ultimately leads to atrophy. Recently, we demonstrated that local delivery of engineered activin and myostatin propeptid...
Author's reply: Caffeinated beverages and cardiovascular disease.
TRENDS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE - 19 Jul 2019
The relationship between eGFR slope and subsequent risk of vascular outcomes and all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes: the ADVANCE-ON study.
DIABETOLOGIA - 13 Jul 2019
Some studies have reported that annual change in eGFR (eGFR slope) is associated with the future risk of end-stage kidney disease, cardiovascular disease and death in general or chronic kidney disease cohorts. However, the benefits of using eGFR slopes for prediction of major clinical outcomes in diabetes are unclear.We used data from the Action in Diabetes and Vascular Disease: Preterax and Di...
Changes in plasma lipids predict pravastatin efficacy in secondary prevention.
JCI INSIGHT - 11 Jul 2019
BACKGROUNDStatins have pleiotropic effects on lipid metabolism. The relationship between these effects and future cardiovascular events is unknown. We characterized the changes in lipids upon pravastatin treatment and defined the relationship with risk reduction for future cardiovascular events.METHODSPlasma lipids (n = 342) were measured in baseline and 1-year follow-up samples from a Long-Ter...
Prediabetes: lifestyle, pharmacotherapy or regulation?
THERAPEUTIC ADVANCES IN ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM - 01 Jan 2019
The rapidly rising number of people with diabetes worldwide has led to multiple attempts to identify effective means of preventing type 2 diabetes. Lifestyle interventions have shown impressive efficacy in multiple clinical trials of people with impaired glucose tolerance, but, as currently formulated, appear to have very little impact on impaired fasting glucose. Attempts to roll out lifestyle...
Associations of neighborhood walkability with intensity- and bout-specific physical activity and sedentary behavior of older adults in Japan.
GERIATRICS & GERONTOLOGY INTERNATIONAL - 09 Jul 2019
We examined the relationships of objectively-measured walkability with accelerometer-measured activity patterns including bout-specific moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), light-intensity physical activity (LPA) and sedentary behavior in older Japanese adults.This cross-sectional study included 450 men and women (mean age 74 years) who were randomly selected from a resident registry ...
Prime time viewing of the ischemic heart: New technologies allow imaging and flow assessment of the microvasculature in the beating heart.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH - 04 Jul 2019
Impact of Sex on Ventricular-Vascular Stiffness and Long-Term Outcomes in Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction: TOPCAT Trial Substudy.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN HEART ASSOCIATION - 02 Jul 2019
Background Women have higher vascular stiffness with aging. The aim of this study was to characterize sex differences in vascular and ventricular structure and function, and to investigate the impact on the primary outcome in the TOPCAT trial (Treatment of Preserved Cardiac Function Heart Failure With an Aldosterone Antagonist Trial). Methods and Results Data from the Americas cohort of the TOP...
MTR-Viewer: identifying regions within genes under purifying selection.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH - 02 Jul 2019
Advances in genomic sequencing have enormous potential to revolutionize personalized medicine, however distinguishing disease-causing from benign variants remains a challenge. The increasing number of human genome and exome sequences available has revealed areas where unfavourable variation is removed through purifying selection. Here, we present the MTR-Viewer, a web-server enabling easy visua...
mCSM-PPI2: predicting the effects of mutations on protein-protein interactions.
NUCLEIC ACIDS RESEARCH - 02 Jul 2019
Protein-protein Interactions are involved in most fundamental biological processes, with disease causing mutations enriched at their interfaces. Here we present mCSM-PPI2, a novel machine learning computational tool designed to more accurately predict the effects of missense mutations on protein-protein interaction binding affinity. mCSM-PPI2 uses graph-based structural signatures to model effe...
Stimulation of β-adrenoceptors up-regulates cardiac expression of galectin-3 and BIM through the Hippo signalling pathway.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY - 01 Jul 2019
Expression of the pro-fibrotic galectin-3 and the pro-apoptotic BIM is elevated in diseased heart or after β-adrenoceptor stimulation, but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. This question was addressed in the present study.Wild-type mice and mice with cardiac transgenic expression of β -adrenoceptors, mammalian sterile-20 like kinase 1 (Mst1) or dominant-negative Mst1, and non-specific gale...
β-Adrenoceptor activation affects galectin-3 as a biomarker and therapeutic target in heart disease.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY - 01 Jul 2019
Myocardial fibrosis is a key histopathological component that drives the progression of heart disease leading to heart failure and constitutes a therapeutic target. Recent preclinical and clinical studies have implicated galectin-3 (Gal-3) as a pro-fibrotic molecule and a biomarker of heart disease and fibrosis. However, our knowledge is poor on the mechanism(s) that determine the blood level o...
Do the associations of sedentary behaviour with cardiovascular disease mortality and cancer mortality differ by physical activity level? A systematic review and harmonised meta-analysis of data from 850 060 participants.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE - 01 Jul 2019
To examine whether the associations between sedentary behaviours (ie, daily sitting/TV-viewing time) and mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer differ by different levels of physical activity (PA).Harmonised meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies. Data on exposure variables were harmonised according to a predefined protocol and categorised into four groups for sedentary beh...
The effect of diet on hypertensive pathology: is there a link via gut microbiota-driven immunometabolism?
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH - 01 Jul 2019
Over the past decade, the immune system has emerged as an important component in the aetiology of hypertension. There has been a blooming interest in the contribution of the gut microbiota, the microbes that inhabit our small and large intestine, to blood pressure (BP) regulation. The gastrointestinal tract houses the largest number of immune cells in our body, thus, it is no surprise that its ...
The Zinc Transporter Zip7 Is Downregulated in Skeletal Muscle of Insulin-Resistant Cells and in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet.
CELLS - 01 Jul 2019
The zinc transporter Zip7 modulates zinc flux and controls cell signaling molecules associated with glucose metabolism in skeletal muscle. The present study evaluated the role of Zip7 in cell signaling pathways involved in insulin-resistant skeletal muscle and mice fed a high-fat diet.Insulin-resistant skeletal muscle cells were prepared by treatment with an inhibitor of the insulin receptor, H...
