BPH/2J mice are a genetic model of hypertension with overactivity of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and renin-angiotensin system (RAS). BPH/2J display higher renal renin mRNA and low levels of its negative regulator microRNA-181a (miR-181a). We hypothesise that high renal SNS activity may reduce miR-181a expression, which contributes to elevated RAS activity and hypertension in BPH/2J. Ou...

Hind Beheiry (Sudan), Irina Chazova (Russia), Albertino Damasceno (Mozambique), Anna Dominiczak (UK), Anastase Dzudie (Cameroon), Stephen Harrap (Australia), Hiroshi Itoh (Japan), Tazeen Jafar (Singapore), Marc Jaffe (USA), Patricio Jaramillo-Lopez (Colombia), Kazuomi Kario (Japan), Giuseppe Mancia (Italy), Ana Mocumbi (Mozambique), Sanjeevi N.Narasingan (India), Elijah Ogola (Kenya), Srinath R...

To critically appraise new insights into the biology of remnant lipoproteins and their putative role in the pathophysiology of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and to compare the atherogenicity of remnant particles with that of low-density lipoproteins (LDL).New in-vivo stable isotope tracer studies of the kinetics of apoB48 and apoB100-containing lipoproteins in postprandial conditions ...

Cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) is a major health burden worldwide in need of novel therapies, as current treatments remain suboptimal. The present study assessed the therapeutic potential of apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1) inhibition in a rat model of CRS.Adult male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent surgery for myocardial infarction (MI) (week 0) followed by 5/6 subtotal nephrectomy (STNx) ...

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Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a major global health problem, accounting for up to 20% of deaths in Western societies. Clinical quality registries have been shown in a range of disease conditions to improve clinical management, reduce variation in care and improve outcomes.To identify existing cardiac arrest (CA) and SCD registries, characterising global coverage and methods of data capture and ...

Chronotropic incompetence is common in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and is associated with impaired aerobic capacity. We investigated the integrity of cardiac β-receptor responsiveness, an important mechanism involved in exertional increases in HR, in HFpEF and control subjects.Thirteen carefully screened patients with HFpEF and 13 senior controls underwent exercise te...

Fat grafting is a well-established surgical technique used in plastic surgery to restore deficient tissue, and more recently, for its putative regenerative properties. Despite more frequent use of fat grafting, however, a scientific understanding of the mechanisms underlying either survival or remedial benefits of grafted fat remain lacking. Clinical use of fat grafts for breast reconstruction ...

Left ventricular (LV) assist devices (LVADs) are known to elicit reverse remodeling by mechanically unloading the left ventricle. Current guidelines target a reduction in LV end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) of 15% compared with pre-LVAD dimensions; however, there is significant heterogeneity in the degree of unloading achieved. We sought to investigate factors associated with mechanical unloading...

There is a need for an easily accessible biomarker of sympathetic nervous activation in essential hypertension, but none exists. Heart rate (HR) has been suggested, but requires validation, now doubly important as an elevated HR in hypertension has emerged as an independent cardiovascular risk factor.Isotope dilution methodology was used to measure total and regional noradrenaline spillover and...

We aimed to examine whether a lifestyle intervention was effective in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in individuals at high-risk of developing diabetes in a low- and middle-income setting. The Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program was evaluated by a cluster-randomized controlled trial (2013-2016) of 1007 individuals (aged 30-60 years) at high-risk for diabetes (Indian Diabetes Risk Sco...

Marked adaptation of left ventricular (LV) structure in endurance athletes is well established. However, previous investigations of functional and mechanical adaptation have been contradictory. A lack of clarity in subjects' athletic performance level may have contributed to these disparate findings. This study aimed to describe structural, functional and mechanical characteristics of the cycli...

Numerous studies have found associations between characteristics of urban environments and risk factors for dementia and cognitive decline, such as physical inactivity and obesity. However, the contribution of urban environments to brain and cognitive health has been seldom examined directly. This cohort study investigates the extent to which and how a wide range of characteristics of urban env...

Lipid rafts regulate the initiation of cellular metabolic and signaling pathways by organizing the pathway components in ordered microdomains on the cell surface. Cellular responses regulated by lipid rafts range from physiological to pathological, and the success of a therapeutic approach targeting "pathological" lipid rafts depends on the ability of a remedial agent to recognize them and disr...

Circulating lipoprotein lipids cause coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the precise way in which one or more lipoprotein lipid-related entities account for this relationship remains unclear. Using genetic instruments for lipoprotein lipid traits implemented through multivariable Mendelian randomisation (MR), we sought to compare their causal roles in the aetiology of CHD.We conducted a geno...

Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is frequently associated with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and has a high mortality. We aimed to identify differences in characteristics and very long-term outcomes for STEMI patients with and without OHCA managed with percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).We analysed data from 12,637 PCI patient procedures for STEMI in the multi-centre Mel...

Accumulating data suggest that type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in younger people (aged <40 years), referred to as young-onset T2DM, has a more rapid deterioration of β-cell function than is seen in later-onset T2DM. Furthermore, individuals with young-onset T2DM seem to have a higher risk of complications than those with type 1 diabetes mellitus. As the number of younger adults with T2DM increa...