Publications
Now showing items 2801-2820 of 5702 records
Metformin treatment in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY - 05 Aug 2020
Observational series suggest a mortality benefit from metformin in the heart failure (HF) population. However, the benefit of metformin in HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) has yet to be explored. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to identify whether variation in EF impacts mortality outcomes in HF patients treated with metformin.MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched up to...
Molecular magnetic resonance imaging of activated platelets allows noninvasive detection of early myocarditis in mice.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS - 06 Aug 2020
MRI sensitivity for diagnosis and localization of early myocarditis is limited, although it is of central clinical interest. The aim of this project was to test a contrast agent targeting activated platelets consisting of microparticles of iron oxide (MPIO) conjugated to a single-chain antibody directed against ligand-induced binding sites (LIBS) of activated glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (= LIBS-MPIO)...
Emergence of tigecycline- and eravacycline-resistant Tet(X4)-producing Enterobacteriaceae in the gut microbiota of healthy Singaporeans.
THE JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY - 01 Dec 2020
The recently discovered tigecycline-inactivating enzyme Tet(X4) can confer high-level tigecycline resistance on its hosts, which makes it a public health concern. This study focused on isolation and screening of Tet(X4)-positive Enterobacteriaceae from the gut microbiota of a cohort of healthy individuals in Singapore.MinION and Illumina sequencing was performed to obtain the complete genome se...
Does moxonidine reduce Achilles tendon or musculoskeletal pain in women with polycystic ovarian syndrome? A secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial.
BMC ENDOCRINE DISORDERS - 26 Aug 2020
Sympathetic activity and insulin resistance have recently been linked with chronic tendon and musculoskeletal pain. Polycystic ovarian syndrome is linked with insulin resistance and increased sympathetic drive and was therefore an appropriate condition to study the effects of modulating sympathetic activity on Achilles tendon and musculoskeletal symptoms.A secondary analysis of a double-blinded...
Presentations of stroke and acute myocardial infarction in the first 28 days following the introduction of State of Emergency restrictions for COVID-19.
EMERGENCY MEDICINE AUSTRALASIA : EMA - 01 Dec 2020
To determine if Victorian State of Emergency (SOE) measures to combat COVID-19 were associated with delayed presentations or management of acute stroke and acute myocardial infarction (AMI).This was a retrospective, pre- and post-implementation study using data from an adult, tertiary cardiology and neurosciences centre with 24-h capacity for endovascular procedures. All primary presentations w...
Agreement between the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and Accelerometry in Adults with Orthopaedic Injury.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH - 24 Aug 2020
Orthopaedic injury can lead to decreased physical activity. Valid measures for assessing physical activity are therefore needed in this population. The aim of this study was to determine the agreement and concordance between the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ) and device-measured physical activity and sitting time in orthopaedic injury patients. Adults with isola...
Lack of Strategic Funding and Long-Term Job Security Threaten to Have Profound Effects on Cardiovascular Researcher Retention in Australia.
HEART, LUNG & CIRCULATION - 21 Aug 2020
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in Australia. Investment in research solutions has been demonstrated to yield health and a 9.8-fold return economic benefit. The sector, however, is severely challenged with success rates of traditional peer-reviewed funding in decline. Here, we aimed to understand the perceived challenges faced by the cardiovascular workforce in Australia pr...
High-intensity interval training in patients with left ventricular assist devices: A pilot randomized controlled trial.
THE JOURNAL OF HEART AND LUNG TRANSPLANTATION : THE OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR HEART TRANSPLANTATION - 01 Dec 2020
Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) implantation is an established treatment for patients with advanced heart failure. To date, studies evaluating the impact of aerobic training in patients with LVADs have focused on moderate-intensity exercise.This pilot randomized controlled trial compared the effects of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) with those of moderate-intensity continuous tra...
Lipids, biomarkers, and subclinical atherosclerosis in treatment-naive HIV patients starting or not starting antiretroviral therapy: Comparison with a healthy control group in a 2-year prospective study.
PLOS ONE - 01 Jan 2020
To assess the effect of HIV infection and combined antiretroviral therapy (c-ART) on various proatherogenic biomarkers and lipids and to investigate their relationship with subclinical atherosclerosis in a cohort of treatment-naive HIV-infected patients.We performed a prospective, comparative, multicenter study of 2 groups of treatment-naive HIV-infected patients (group A, CD4>500 cells/μL, not...
Changes in rural older adults' sedentary and physically-active behaviors between a non-snowfall and a snowfall season: compositional analysis from the NEIGE study.
BMC PUBLIC HEALTH - 17 Aug 2020
Levels of physical activity change throughout the year. However, little is known to what extent activity levels can vary, based on accelerometer determined sedentary and physically-active time. The aim of this longitudinal study was to examine older adults' activity changes from a non-snowfall season to a subsequent snowfall season, with consideration of the co-dependence of domains of time use...
Combined Antiplatelet/Anticoagulant Drug for Cardiac Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury.
CIRCULATION RESEARCH - 09 Oct 2020
Is the Healthy Respiratory System Built Just Right, Overbuilt or Underbuilt to Meet the Demands Imposed by Exercise?
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY (BETHESDA, MD. : 1985) - 13 Aug 2020
In the healthy, untrained young adult a case is made for a respiratory system- airways, pulmonary vasculature, lung parenchyma, respiratory muscles and neural ventilatory control system - which is near ideally designed to ensure a highly efficient, homeostatic response to exercise of varying intensities and durations. Our aim was then to consider circumstances in which the intra/extra-thoracic ...
Validation of a Genome-Wide Polygenic Score for Coronary Artery Disease in South Asians.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY - 11 Aug 2020
Genome-wide polygenic scores (GPS) integrate information from many common DNA variants into a single number. Because rates of coronary artery disease (CAD) are substantially higher among South Asians, a GPS to identify high-risk individuals may be particularly useful in this population.This analysis used summary statistics from a prior genome-wide association study to derive a new GPS for South...
The effect of breaking up prolonged sitting on paired associative stimulation-induced plasticity.
EXPERIMENTAL BRAIN RESEARCH - 01 Nov 2020
Paired associative stimulation (PAS) can induce plasticity in the motor cortex, as measured by changes in corticospinal excitability (CSE). This effect is attenuated in older and less active individuals. Although a single bout of exercise enhances PAS-induced plasticity in young, physically inactive adults, it is not yet known if physical activity interventions affect PAS-induced neuroplasticit...
Wearable-device-measured physical activity and future health risk.
NATURE MEDICINE - 01 Sep 2020
Use of wearable devices that monitor physical activity is projected to increase more than fivefold per half-decade. We investigated how device-based physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) and different intensity profiles were associated with all-cause mortality. We used a network harmonization approach to map dominant-wrist acceleration to PAEE in 96,476 UK Biobank participants (mean age 6...
Frailty Status and Transport Disadvantage: Comparison of Older Adults' Travel Behaviours between Metropolitan, Suburban, and Rural Areas of Japan.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH - 01 Sep 2020
This study examined differences in older adults' travel behaviours by frailty status in metropolitan, suburban, and rural areas of Japan. Data were collected from 9104 older adults (73.5 ± 5.7 years; 51% women; 19% frail) living in metropolitan (n = 5032), suburban (n = 2853), and rural areas (n = 1219) of Japan. Participants reported if they walked, cycled, drove a car, rode a car as a passeng...
A systematic review of trends in all-cause mortality among people with diabetes.
DIABETOLOGIA - 01 Sep 2020
We examined all-cause mortality trends in people with diabetes and compared them with trends among people without diabetes.MEDLINE, EMBASE and CINAHL databases were searched for observational studies published from 1980 to 2019 reporting all-cause mortality rates across ≥2 time periods in people with diabetes. Mortality trends were examined by ethnicity, age and sex within comparable calendar p...
Improving systems of care during and after a pregnancy complicated by hyperglycaemia: A protocol for a complex health systems intervention.
BMC HEALTH SERVICES RESEARCH - 01 Sep 2020
Many women with hyperglycaemia in pregnancy do not receive care during and after pregnancy according to standards recommended in international guidelines. The burden of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy falls disproportionately upon Indigenous peoples worldwide, including Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women in Australia. The remote and regional Australian context poses additional barriers to ...
Sitting at work & waist circumference-A cross-sectional study of Australian workers.
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE - 01 Dec 2020
Studies examining associations of sitting time at work with obesity measures have produced inconsistent findings. Different sample characteristics across studies, e.g., the composition of different occupational groups, may be one explanation for the mixed findings. We examined cross-sectional associations of workplace sitting time with waist circumference in workers engaged in desk-based work a...
The Polygenic and Monogenic Basis of Blood Traits and Diseases.
CELL - 03 Sep 2020
Blood cells play essential roles in human health, underpinning physiological processes such as immunity, oxygen transport, and clotting, which when perturbed cause a significant global health burden. Here we integrate data from UK Biobank and a large-scale international collaborative effort, including data for 563,085 European ancestry participants, and discover 5,106 new genetic variants indep...
