Focal Cortical Dysplasia (FCD) is a common cause of drug-resistant epilepsy. These abnormalities arise during embryonic development and are challenging to classify due to their complex nature. The most recent classification update of FCD incorporates genetic and epigenetic results with other clinical data for the management of epilepsy associated with these lesions. Mutations in the mechanistic...

Traditional markers modestly predict chronic kidney disease progression in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. Therefore, we assessed associations of cardiometabolic and inflammatory clinical biomarkers with kidney disease progression among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people with and without diabetes. To identify cardiometabolic and inflammatory clinical biomarkers that pred...

T cells are major components of the immune system. Their activation requires interaction between the T cell receptor and co-stimulatory molecules, crucial during infection, inflammation, and allogeneic rejection. Monomeric CRP (mCRP) is a known modulator of inflammation and particularly the innate immune response, however its interaction with T cells as part of the adaptive immune response rema...

Increased recognition of the role of lymphatics in disease has brought increased focus on the design of lymph-directed delivery systems for imaging agents and therapeutics. Previously, we developed novel brush polyethylene glycol (PEG) polymers functionalized with different lipids and investigated their lymphatic uptake, plasma pharmacokinetics and tissue biodistribution. Diacylglycerol-conjuga...

C-reactive protein (CRP), an acute-phase protein primarily produced by hepatocytes in response to pro-inflammatory cytokines, is a widely used clinical marker for inflammation and tissue damage. In its native state, CRP exists in a stable pentameric form called pCRP. Upon interaction with activated cell membranes, pCRP undergoes a transitional conformation change into activated pCRP (pCRP*) and...

The pentameric C-reactive protein (pCRP), an acute-phase protein, binds to lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) displayed on the surface of dying cells and microorganisms to activate the complement system and to opsonize immune cells via Fcγ-receptors (FcγRs). Members of the FcγR family are characterized by the recognition of the Fc part of IgG antibodies. We utilized a mouse thymoma BW5147 reporter c...

This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions in reducing cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, CVD events, and related risk factors among individuals with prediabetes. We conducted a search of the MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CENTRAL, and Scopus databases, along with ClinicalTrials.gov, for lifestyle-based randomized controlled trials (RCTs) involvin...

Cardiovascular imaging saw significant advancements in 2024, impacting technology, pathophysiology, and clinical applications. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the most impactful research in cardiovascular imaging published in 2024, highlighting technological advancements, as well as research on ischaemic heart disease, valvular heart disease, cardiomyopathies, and heart failure....

Tobacco and obesity control is among the major health priorities. Previous studies have mixed opinions about their association. The present study was done to investigate the association between Body Mass Index (BMI) and tobacco use (smokers, smokeless tobacco users and dual users) among Indian adults. Secondary analysis of the fifth National Family Health Survey (2019-21) was conducted that inc...

In inherited neuromuscular disease, Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), glucocorticoids significantly slow disease progression yet impart side effects severe enough to preclude use in a significant proportion of patients. Extending our findings that acute treatment with FDA approved multiple sclerosis drug, dimethyl fumarate (DMF), rescues muscle pathology in juvenile mdx mice, we aimed to condu...

The optimal non-invasive diagnostic imaging strategy for patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) is widely debated. Computed Tomography Coronary Angiography (CTCA) and functional imaging are both guideline-recommended, although comparative effectiveness in patients with intermediate-high pre-test likelihood (PTL) is limited. Primary Hypothesis: We aim to establish if a personalise...

<b>Aim:</b> Data on the impact of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) on diabetes complications in youth with type 1 diabetes are lacking. However, MAFLD is well known to contribute to cardiovascular disease (CVD) in people with type 2 diabetes. We aimed to investigate markers of MAFLD in youth with type 1 diabetes and their relationship with chronic complications. <b>M...

Promoting physical activity represents a major public health opportunity due to its significant impact on physical and mental health. Despite ongoing efforts, public health interventions often struggle to achieve sustainable behavioral changes. Instead of explicitly or implicitly attributing such failures to a lack of individual motivation, it is essential to consider the characteristics of con...

Helping people to understand their cardiovascular (CV) risk can influence the choices they make for risk reduction, including medication adherence and lifestyle modification. This study sought whether repeated visualization of coronary artery calcium (CAC) images was effective in sustaining long-term risk control in primary prevention, independent of a risk reduction programme. Asymptomatic, st...

A polygenic risk score (PRS) summarizes in one number an individual's estimated genetic association with a specific trait or disease based on the common DNA variants included in the score. Disease PRSs have the potential to positively affect population health by improving disease risk prediction, thereby also potentially improving disease prevention, early intervention and treatment. However, g...

We generated a novel HER2 monoclonal antibody (mAb104) which binds to an epitope in domain II of HER2 that is conformationally exposed in tumors in response to HER2 amplification or activation but is not accessible to antibody binding in normal tissues. Consistent with other studies that evaluated antibodies targeting conformationally exposed epitopes, mAb104 lacked in vitro activity however sh...

Sodium-glucose co-transporter inhibitors have potential glycaemic and non-glycaemic benefits in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D). However, the increased risk of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) limits their widespread use. We hypothesise that dapagliflozin 10 mg daily, combined with the use of continuous ketone monitoring (CKM) and education strategies to mitigate progression to DKA, will demonstra...

Myocardial infarction (MI) is highly detrimental and healthcare intensive with a high incidence globally. This study aimed to estimate the individual healthcare costs of MI in Denmark from a public health provider perspective. In this nation-wide registry-based cohort study, individuals with incident MI between 2012 and 2016 were propensity score-matched 1:3 with non-MI controls. Excess costs w...