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Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer (PCa) has multiple adverse effects on musculoskeletal health. This 12-month randomised controlled trial aimed to assess the effects of multi-component exercise training combined with whey protein, calcium and vitamin D supplementation on bone mineral density (BMD), structure and strength, body composition, muscle strength and physical funct...

Protein-protein interactions play a crucial role in all cellular functions and biological processes and mutations leading to their disruption are enriched in many diseases. While a number of computational methods to assess the effects of variants on protein-protein binding affinity have been proposed, they are in general limited to the analysis of single point mutations and have been shown to p...

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To investigate the longitudinal associations between demographic, clinical and lifestyle factors, and changes in patient-reported outcomes (PROs) in cancer survivors 6-9 years post-diagnosis in Western Australia.A total of 290 individuals participated in this study. Three-quarters of participants were female, and 55%, 31%, and 14% were survivors of breast cancer, colon cancer, and non-Hodgkin l...

Binge drinking is a common atrial fibrillation (AF) trigger, however the mechanisms are poorly understood.To investigate the effects of alcohol intoxication and hangover with rhythm monitoring and cardiac MRI.Patients underwent serial cardiac MRI pre- and post-binge with continuous Holter monitoring. Time periods analyzed: baseline (24 h pre-binge), consumption, hangover (0- 24 h post-consumpti...

The insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) and phosphoinositide 3-kinase p110α (PI3K) are critical regulators of exercise-induced physiological cardiac hypertrophy and provide protection in experimental models of pathological remodeling and heart failure. Forkhead box class O1 (FoxO1) is a transcription factor that regulates cardiomyocyte hypertrophy downstream of IGF1R/PI3K activation i...

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TV viewing is associated with elevated plasma glucose, but it is not clear whether such associations can be modified by dietary patterns.We examined the interactions of TV viewing time and dietary patterns in relation to fasting and 2-hour plasma glucose. Cross-sectional analyses were performed among participants (N = 3081; 44.7% male; mean age 57.8 years) from the 2011 to 2012 Australian Diabe...

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The accumulation of advanced glycation end products is implicated in the development and progression of diabetic kidney disease. No study has examined whether stimulating advanced glycation clearance via receptor manipulation is reno-protective in diabetes. Podocytes, which are early contributors to diabetic kidney disease and could be a target for reno-protection.To examine the effects of incr...

Maternal high-fat diet in rabbits leads to hypertension and elevated renal sympathetic nerve activity (RSNA) in adult offspring but whether this is due to adiposity or maternal programming is unclear. We gave intracerebroventricular (ICV) and ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) administration of leptin-receptor antagonist, α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (αMSH), melanocortin-receptor antagonist (S...

Homozygosity for the common null polymorphism ( 577X) results in α-actinin-3 deficiency in ~20% of humans worldwide and is linked to reduced sprint and power performance in both elite athletes and the general population. α-Actinin-3 deficiency is also associated with reduced muscle mass, increased risk of sarcopenia, and altered muscle wasting response induced by denervation and immobilization...

The sphingolipid de novo synthesis pathway, encompassing the sphingolipids, the enzymes and the cell membrane receptors, are being investigated for their role in diseases and as potential therapeutic targets. The intermediate sphingolipids such as dihydrosphingosine (dhSph) and sphingosine (Sph) have not been investigated due to them being thought of as precursors to other more active lipids su...

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Many emergency medical service (EMS) agencies are implementing programmes to improve the quality and performance of resuscitation. We sought to examine the impact of a resuscitation quality improvement programme on outcomes following OHCA.An interrupted time-series analysis of adult OHCA patients of medical aetiology. Patients treated after the implementation of a high-performance cardiopulmona...

Access to up-to-date Australian disease prevalence estimates assists health services and consumer organisations to plan and allocate resources. The Burden of Obstructive Lung Disease study was conducted between 2006 and 2012 and provided chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (post-bronchodilator airflow limitation) prevalence estimates weighted to the 2006 Australian census. Using the 20...

Walk Score® is a free web-based tool that provides a walkability score for any given location. A limited number of North American studies have found associations between Walk Score® and perceived built environment attributes, yet it remains unknown whether similar associations exist in Asian countries. The study's objective is to examine the covariate-adjusted correlations between the Walk Scor...