Publications
Now showing items 1841-1860 of 5702 records
Applying systems thinking to identify enablers and challenges to scale-up interventions for hypertension and diabetes in low-income and middle-income countries: protocol for a longitudinal mixed-methods study.
BMJ OPEN - 18 Apr 2022
There is an urgent need to reduce the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), particularly in low-and middle-income countries, where the greatest burden lies. Yet, there is little research concerning the specific issues involved in scaling up NCD interventions targeting low-resource settings. We propose to examine this gap in up to 27 collaborative projects, which were funded by the Global ...
Investigation of a UK biobank cohort reveals causal associations of self-reported walking pace with telomere length.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY - 20 Apr 2022
Walking pace is a simple and functional form of movement and a strong predictor of health status, but the nature of its association with leucocyte telomere length (LTL) is unclear. Here we investigate whether walking pace is associated with LTL, which is causally associated with several chronic diseases and has been proposed as a marker of biological age. Analyses were conducted in 405,981 UK B...
The influence of adiposity on the interactions between strength, physical function and cognition among older adults in the Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle (AusDiab) study.
BMC GERIATRICS - 22 Apr 2022
Being overweight or obese may be associated with lower physical and cognitive function, but in late-adulthood (≥ 65 years) evidence is mixed. This study aimed to investigate how being overweight or obese affected interactions between muscle strength, function and cognition in Australians aged ≥ 50 years, and whether interactions varied according to age (i.e. ≥ 50-65 vs > 65 years).This study in...
Phylogeny-Aware Analysis of Metagenome Community Ecology Based on Matched Reference Genomes while Bypassing Taxonomy.
MSYSTEMS - 26 Apr 2022
We introduce the operational genomic unit (OGU) method, a metagenome analysis strategy that directly exploits sequence alignment hits to individual reference genomes as the minimum unit for assessing the diversity of microbial communities and their relevance to environmental factors. This approach is independent of taxonomic classification, granting the possibility of maximal resolution of comm...
Development of an Automatic Pipeline for Participation in the CELPP Challenge.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES - 26 Apr 2022
The prediction of how a ligand binds to its target is an essential step for Structure-Based Drug Design (SBDD) methods. Molecular docking is a standard tool to predict the binding mode of a ligand to its macromolecular receptor and to quantify their mutual complementarity, with multiple applications in drug design. However, docking programs do not always find correct solutions, either because t...
Heat Acclimation with or without Normobaric Hypoxia Exposure Leads to Similar Improvements in Endurance Performance in the Heat.
30 Apr 2022
Combining the key adaptation of plasma volume (PV) expansion with synergistic physiological effects of other acclimation interventions to maximise endurance performance in the heat has potential. The current study investigated the effects of heat acclimation alone (H), combined with normobaric hypoxia exposure (H+NH), on endurance athletic performance.Well-trained participants completed a heat-...
Astrocytes derived from ASD individuals alter behavior and destabilize neuronal activity through aberrant Ca signaling.2+
MOLECULAR PSYCHIATRY - 01 May 2022
The cellular mechanisms of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are poorly understood. Cumulative evidence suggests that abnormal synapse function underlies many features of this disease. Astrocytes regulate several key neuronal processes, including the formation of synapses and the modulation of synaptic plasticity. Astrocyte abnormalities have also been identified in the postmortem brain tissue of ...
Authors' Reply: More Research is Still Needed to Support the Real-World Generalizability of the Benefits of Lifestyle Interventions for Chronic Kidney Disease.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY : JASN - 01 May 2022
Understanding vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT).
INTERNAL MEDICINE JOURNAL - 01 May 2022
Vaccine-induced thrombotic thrombocytopenia (VITT) is a rare, but serious, syndrome characterised by thrombocytopenia, thrombosis, a markedly raised D-dimer and the presence of anti-platelet factor-4 (PF4) antibodies following COVID-19 adenovirus vector vaccination. VITT occurs at a rate of approximately 2 per 100 000 first-dose vaccinations and appears exceedingly rare following second doses. ...
Trends and risk factors for omission of early thromboprophylaxis in Australian and New Zealand ICUs between 2009 and 2020.
INTENSIVE CARE MEDICINE - 01 May 2022
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) prophylaxis is effective in reducing VTE events; however, it is underutilized in critically ill patients. We examined trends and risk factors for omission of early thromboprophylaxis within the first 24 h after admission in Australian and New Zealand intensive care units (ICUs) between 2009 and 2020.Retrospective analysis of data from the Australian New Zealand Inte...
Small extracellular vesicles (exosomes) and their cargo in pancreatic cancer: Key roles in the hallmarks of cancer.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. REVIEWS ON CANCER - 01 May 2022
Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a devastating disease, offering poor mortality rates for patients. The current challenge being faced is the inability to diagnose patients in a timely manner, where potentially curative resection provides the best chance of survival. Recently, small/nanosized extracellular vesicles (sEVs), including exosomes, have gained significant preclinical and clinical attention d...
Higher Consumption of Fruit and Vegetables Is Associated With Lower Worries, Tension and Lack of Joy Across the Lifespan.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION - 01 Jan 2022
Higher total fruit and vegetable (FV) intakes have been associated with lower perceived stress. However, the relationship of FV intake with domains of perceived stress is unclear. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the relationship between consumption of FV and four perceived stress domains (worries, tension, lack of joy and demands) in a population-based cohort of Australian ...
Physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions for people living with both frailty and multiple long-term conditions: a scoping review protocol.
BMJ OPEN - 04 May 2022
The number of people living with multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs) is predicted to rise. Within this population, those also living with frailty are particularly vulnerable to poor outcomes, including decreased function. Increased physical activity, including exercise, has the potential to improve function in those living with both MLTCs and frailty but, to date, the focus has remained on ol...
Venous Tone and Stressed Blood Volume in Heart Failure: JACC Review Topic of the Week.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY - 10 May 2022
A number of pathologic processes contribute to the elevation in cardiac filling pressures in heart failure (HF), including myocardial dysfunction and primary volume overload. In this review, we discuss the important role of the venous system and the concepts of stressed blood volume and unstressed blood volume. We review how regulation of venous tone modifies the distribution of blood between t...
Early life infection and proinflammatory, atherogenic metabolomic and lipidomic profiles in infancy: a population-based cohort study.
ELIFE - 10 May 2022
The risk of adult onset cardiovascular and metabolic (cardiometabolic) disease accrues from early life. Infection is ubiquitous in infancy and induces inflammation, a key cardiometabolic risk factor, but the relationship between infection, inflammation, and metabolic profiles in early childhood remains unexplored. We investigated relationships between infection and plasma metabolomic and lipido...
Sitting less and moving more for improved metabolic and brain health in type 2 diabetes: 'OPTIMISE your health' trial protocol.
BMC PUBLIC HEALTH - 10 May 2022
Clinical practice guidelines recommend that adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) sit less and move more throughout the day. The 18-month OPTIMISE Your Health Clinical Trial was developed to support desk-based workers with T2D achieve these recommendations. The two-arm protocol consists of an intervention and control arms. The intervention arm receives 6 months health coaching, a sit-stand desktop ...
Assessing the impact of gestational age of donors on the efficacy of amniotic epithelial cell-derived extracellular vesicles in experimental bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY - 12 May 2022
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a potential cell-free regenerative medicine. Human amniotic epithelial cells (hAECs) are a viable source of cell therapy for diseases like bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD). However, little is known about the impact of gestational age of the donor on the quality of hAEC-derived EVs.To determine the impact of gestational age on hAEC-derived EVs in experimental BPD...
P2Y Antagonists in Cardiovascular Disease-Finding the Best Balance Between Preventing Ischemic Events and Causing Bleeding.12
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE - 01 Jan 2022
Dual antiplatelet therapy comprising of aspirin and oral P2Y receptor antagonists are an established cornerstone of therapy in acute coronary syndromes and percutaneous coronary intervention. As a result, the platelet P2Y receptor remains a key therapeutic target in cardiovascular medicine since pharmacological antagonists were first developed in the 1990's. With a greater understanding of plat...
Prevalence and incidence of diabetes among Aboriginal people in remote communities of the Northern Territory, Australia: a retrospective, longitudinal data-linkage study.
BMJ OPEN - 15 May 2022
To assess the prevalence and incidence of diabetes among Aboriginal peoples in remote communities of the Northern Territory (NT), Australia.Retrospective cohort analysis of linked clinical and administrative data sets from 1 July 2012 to 30 June 2019.Remote health centres using the NT Government Primary Care Information System (51 out of a total of 84 remote health centres in the NT).All Aborig...
The Associations of COVID-19 Lockdown Restrictions With Longer-Term Activity Levels of Working Adults With Type 2 Diabetes: Cohort Study.
JMIR DIABETES - 18 May 2022
Lockdown restrictions reduce COVID-19 community transmission; however, they may pose challenges for noncommunicable disease management. A 112-day hard lockdown in Victoria, Australia (commencing March 23, 2020) coincided with an intervention trial of reducing and breaking up sitting time in desk workers with type 2 diabetes who were using a provided consumer-grade activity tracker (Fitbit).This...
